The next four questions use this description. Our Sun has a peak emission wavelength of about 500 nm and a radius of about 700,000 km. Your dark-adapted eye has a pupil diameter of about 7 mm and can detect light intensity down to about 1.5 x 10-11 W/m². Assume the emissivity of the Sun is equal to 1. First, given these numbers, what is the surface temperature of the Sun in Kelvin to 3 significant digits? 5,796
The next four questions use this description. Our Sun has a peak emission wavelength of about 500 nm and a radius of about 700,000 km. Your dark-adapted eye has a pupil diameter of about 7 mm and can detect light intensity down to about 1.5 x 10-11 W/m². Assume the emissivity of the Sun is equal to 1. First, given these numbers, what is the surface temperature of the Sun in Kelvin to 3 significant digits? 5,796
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
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Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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Transcribed Image Text:The next four questions use this description.
Our Sun has a peak emission wavelength of about 500 nm and a
radius of about 700,000 km. Your dark-adapted eye has a pupil
diameter of about 7 mm and can detect light intensity down to
about 1.5 x 10-11 W/m². Assume the emissivity of the Sun is equal
to 1.
First, given these numbers, what is the surface temperature of the
Sun in Kelvin to 3 significant digits?
5,796
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![### Understanding the Ignition Coil in an Internal Combustion Engine
To ignite a mixture of gasoline and air inside an internal combustion engine, such as the one in your car, a spark is generated by a high voltage across the spark plug. This voltage is typically in the tens of thousands of volts, despite the car battery only providing 12 volts. The transformation from 12 volts to such a high voltage is achieved through a device called an 'ignition coil'.
#### Structure and Function of an Ignition Coil
A typical ignition coil features:
- **Primary Coil**:
- 300 turns of wire.
- Wrapped around a radius of 2 cm.
- Covers a linear distance of 15 cm.
- **Secondary Coil**:
- 60,000 turns of wire.
- Wrapped over the same cylinder as the primary coil.
#### How the Spark is Generated
The spark is generated when the current in the primary coil is suddenly shut off. This sudden change affects the magnetic field, which induces a voltage in the secondary coil. The process relies on the principle that all magnetic field lines created by the primary coil go through the secondary coil.
#### Problem to Solve
Assume that the magnetic field is uniform inside the primary and secondary coils and that all the magnetic field lines from the primary go through the secondary. Calculate the voltage generated in the secondary coil if the current in the primary coil drops from 10 A to 0 A at a steady rate over 50 micro-seconds. Provide your answer to two significant digits.
**Hint**: Remember the definition of flux and how it changes and how to calculate the magnetic field of a coil of wire.
**Note**: Typically, this problem would be broken down step-by-step, but this exercise is designed to test your ability to synthesize multiple concepts independently.
### Key Equations and Concepts to Use
1. **Faraday's Law of Induction**:
\[
\epsilon = -N \frac{\Delta \Phi_B}{\Delta t}
\]
- \(\epsilon\) is the induced EMF (voltage).
- \(N\) is the number of turns in the secondary coil.
- \(\Delta \Phi_B\) is the change in magnetic flux.
- \(\Delta t\) is the change in time.
2. **Magnetic Flux (\(\Phi_B\))**:
\[
\](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/1036a072-b8e1-46ce-b3ac-d4a868c335c8/ecfc9d33-eb36-4b2a-addc-90196628d9f8/ngvtf9ie_processed.png)
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding the Ignition Coil in an Internal Combustion Engine
To ignite a mixture of gasoline and air inside an internal combustion engine, such as the one in your car, a spark is generated by a high voltage across the spark plug. This voltage is typically in the tens of thousands of volts, despite the car battery only providing 12 volts. The transformation from 12 volts to such a high voltage is achieved through a device called an 'ignition coil'.
#### Structure and Function of an Ignition Coil
A typical ignition coil features:
- **Primary Coil**:
- 300 turns of wire.
- Wrapped around a radius of 2 cm.
- Covers a linear distance of 15 cm.
- **Secondary Coil**:
- 60,000 turns of wire.
- Wrapped over the same cylinder as the primary coil.
#### How the Spark is Generated
The spark is generated when the current in the primary coil is suddenly shut off. This sudden change affects the magnetic field, which induces a voltage in the secondary coil. The process relies on the principle that all magnetic field lines created by the primary coil go through the secondary coil.
#### Problem to Solve
Assume that the magnetic field is uniform inside the primary and secondary coils and that all the magnetic field lines from the primary go through the secondary. Calculate the voltage generated in the secondary coil if the current in the primary coil drops from 10 A to 0 A at a steady rate over 50 micro-seconds. Provide your answer to two significant digits.
**Hint**: Remember the definition of flux and how it changes and how to calculate the magnetic field of a coil of wire.
**Note**: Typically, this problem would be broken down step-by-step, but this exercise is designed to test your ability to synthesize multiple concepts independently.
### Key Equations and Concepts to Use
1. **Faraday's Law of Induction**:
\[
\epsilon = -N \frac{\Delta \Phi_B}{\Delta t}
\]
- \(\epsilon\) is the induced EMF (voltage).
- \(N\) is the number of turns in the secondary coil.
- \(\Delta \Phi_B\) is the change in magnetic flux.
- \(\Delta t\) is the change in time.
2. **Magnetic Flux (\(\Phi_B\))**:
\[
\
Solution
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