To explain why AHan for RbCl is different than that for KCI, the student investigates factors that affect AHoln and finds that ionic radius and lattice enthalpy (which can be defined as the AH associated with the separation of a solid crystal into gaseous ions) contribute to the process. The students consults references and collects the data shown in the table below. lonic Radius (pm) lon к' 138 Rb* 152 b. Using principles of atomic structure, explain why the Rb' ion is larger than the K' ion

To explain why AHan for RbCl is different than that for KCI, the student investigates factors that affect AHoln and finds that ionic radius and lattice enthalpy (which can be defined as the AH associated with the separation of a solid crystal into gaseous ions) contribute to the process. The students consults references and collects the data shown in the table below. lonic Radius (pm) lon к' 138 Rb* 152 b. Using principles of atomic structure, explain why the Rb' ion is larger than the K' ion

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

KBr has a lattice energy -671 kJ/mol. Consider a hypothetical salt XY. X3+ has the same radius of K+ and Y3− has the same radius as Br−. Estimate the lattice energy of XYXY.
Consider the following data for chlorine: atomic mass electronegativity electron affinity ionization energy heat of fusion 35.453 3.16 328. mol 1251.2 3.2 kJ mol kJ mol kJ mol You may find additional useful data in the ALEKS Data tab. Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? (1) C1 (₂) +- C (g) Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above? If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1): Does the following reaction absorb or release. energy? (2) C1¹ () +- Cl (g) Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above? If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2): O release absorb Can't be decided with the data given. O yes O no release O absorb Can't be decided with the data given. O yes O no mol S
The energy for the following reaction was measured to be -653.0 kJ/mol. K(g) + Cl(g) → KCl(s). Using this fact and data in the table below, calculate the enthalpy (in kJ/mol) required to separate the ions from the lattice for this reaction: KCl(s) → K⁺(g) + Cl⁻(g).
1a)Rank the following ionic compounds in order of lattice energy, from the least exothermic (least negative lattice enthalpy) to the most exothermic (most negative lattice enthalpy): Rbl, CaO, SrO, NaCl 1b)Rank the following elements in order of increasing metallic character (from least metallic to most metallic): Ca, S, Rb, Ar, Se 1c) by using the attached table of bond enthalpies, predict ?rH of the following reaction in kJ/mol H2N-NH2 + O2 ---> N2+ 2H2O
Use the data given below to construct a Born-Haber cycle to determine the lattice energy of CaO. A H°(kJ) Ca(s) → Ca(g) 193 Ca(g) → Cat (g) + e 590 Cat (g) → Ca2+(g) + e 1010 20(g) → O2(g) -498 O(g) + e O(g) -141 O(g) + e → O2(g) 878 Ca(s) + O2(g) → CaO(s) -> -635 O-2667 kJ O-3414 kJ O +1397 kJ +3028 kJ O-2144 kJ
KBr has a lattice energy -671 kJ/mol . Consider a hypothetical salt XY. X2+ has the same radius of K+ and Y2− has the same radius as Br−. Estimate the lattice energy of XY.
1a)Rank the following ionic compounds in order of lattice energy, from the least exothermic (least negative lattice enthalpy) to the most exothermic (most negative lattice enthalpy): KCI, SrO, RbBr, CaO 1b)Rank the following elements in order of decreasing metallic character (from most metallic to least metallic): S, CI, K, Cs, Se 1c) by using the table of bond enthalpies, predict ?rH of the following reaction in kJ/mol H2C=CH2 + Cl2 ---> Cl-CH2-CH2-Cl
Place the following elements in... increasing electronegativity: Se Cl S increasing ionization energy: Al P Sr increasing affinity for electrons: K Ge Cl increasing lattice energy: Na2S KCl MgS
6. The density of sodium chloride is 2.165 g/cm³. Using only the density and crystal structure, calculate the distance between Na and Cl atoms in the structure. 7 TL 1 ef. D-21 U DEN 1.1.-1 TI..
Identify the most polar bond in each molecule. (To answer this question you may consult the table of electronegativity values in the table below.) 1A 2A Li Be 1.0 1.5 Na Mg 0.9 1.2 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 2: CHBRCIF K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.8 Rb Sr Y 0.8 1.0 1.2 1: (CH3)3CCI Zr Nb Mo 1.4 1.6 1.8 <1.0 1.0-1.4 H 2.1 1.5-1.9 2.0-2.4 8B Co 1.8 1B 2B Ni Cu Zn 1.8 1.9 1.6 3A B 2.0 2.5-2.9 3.0-4.0 Al 1.5 Ga 1.6 Te Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.7 4A 5A 6A 7A с 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 F 4.0 Si 1.8 2.1 P S 2.5 Ge As Se 1.8 2.0 2.4 Sn 1.8 Sb Te 1.9 2.1 At Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 CI 3.0 Br 2.8 I 2.5 Write the symbols for the two atoms involved in the bond, separated by a hyphen, i.e. O-H (note that the answer is case-sensitive).
Calculate the lattice energy of RbH (s) using the following thermodynamic data (all data is in kJ/mol). Note that the data given has been perturbed, so looking up the answer is probably not a good idea. AHsublimation 61 kJ/mol Ionization energy = 383 kJ/mol Rb (s) Rb (g) H - H (g) Bond energy = 416 kJ/mol H (g) Electron affinity = -93 kJ/mol RbH (s) AHOf = -72 kJ/mol kJ/mol
Given the following information, use the Kapustinskii equation (shown below and included in the additional information sheet I encouraged you to download and have available) to calculate the lattice energy for Cr2S3 in kJ/mol. Ionic radii: Cr3+ (62 pm), S2− (184 pm) d* = 34.5 pm Κ = 1.21 × 105 kJ pm/mol