To examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and birth weight, a researcher selects a sample of n = 20 pregnant rats and mixes alcohol with their food for 2 weeks before the pups are born. One newborn pup is randomly selected from each subject’s litter and the average with weight for the n = 20 pups is recorded. It is known that the average birth weight for regular rats (without exposure to alcohol) is μ = 5.6 grams. What type of test would you use to test the hypothesis that alcohol consumption during pregnancy reduces birth weights? Would you use a one-tailed or two-tailed test? What would be an appropriate measure of effect size to report?

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2-Proportion Test

In a 2-proportion test, two separate proportions are measured at the same time, and their similarity is evaluated. It is also known as a 2-proportion z-test, and a comparison of two different proportions is done in this method.