To determine the nominal or engineering stress and strain experienced by a specimen of a material while it is subjected to a tension test, and to be able to read important values from a conventional stress-strain diagram obtained from the test. A tension test is being conducted on a steel-rod specimen with a gauge length of L0=50 mm and initial diameter of d0=13 mm. Data were collected to form the conventional stress-strain diagram as shown. From the diagram, f = 506 MPa , e = 689 MPa , g = 585 MPa , and h = 0.146 mm/mm . A) Assuming that the strain remains constant throughout the region between the gauge points, determine the nominal strain ε experienced by the rod if it is elongated to L = 53.0 mm . B) Assuming that the stress is constant over the cross-sectional area and if the tension force used is P = 16.0 kN , find the nominal stress experienced by the rod. C)Determine the force P needed to reach the ultimate stress in the steel-rod specimen.

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Thermal Properties of Materials

In mechanical engineering, the thermal property is represented as the physical quantity that is relevant to the application of heat. The thermal properties are evaluated by variations in any specific material due to low heat or high heat. The quantities that influence the thermal property of the materials are mass, density, temperature, and many others.