Think and discuss: Colligative properties depend only on the number of particles, not the identity of the solute. What evidence could you use to demonstrate this point?
Analyze: The data table shows how different solutes affect the boiling point of water. Fill in the column for how many particles of solute there are for each one.
Solute |
Number of particles |
Concentration (mol/kg) |
Boiling point (oC) |
Freezing point (oC) |
Aluminum chloride |
4 |
1 |
102.05 |
-7.44 |
2 |
104.10 |
-14.88 |
||
Potassium chloride |
2 |
1 |
102.02 |
-3.67 |
2 |
102.05 |
-7.44 |
||
Calcium chloride |
3 |
1 |
101.54 |
-5.50 |
2 |
103.07 |
-11.16 |
||
Sodium chloride |
2 |
1 |
102.02 |
-3.67 |
2 |
102.05 |
-7.44 |
- Think and discuss: Colligative properties depend only on the number of particles, not the identity of the solute. What evidence could you use to demonstrate this point?
2. Summarize: What do all the colligative properties you have studied have in common?
Antifreeze is added to car radiators to prevent the water in the radiators from both freezing and boiling.
a. Would you expect antifreeze to raise or lower the freezing point? Explain why.
b. Would you expect the same temperature change (raise or lowered) to happen at the boiling point?
c. In general terms what is causing the temperature change?
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