Thermodynamics deals with the macroscopic properties of materials. Scientists can make quantitative predictions about these macroscopic properties by thinking on a microscopic scale. Kinetic theory and statistical mechanics provide a way to relate molecular models to thermodynamics. Predicting the heat capacities of gases at a constant volume from the number of degrees of freedom of a gas molecule is one example of the predictive power of molecular models. The molar specific heat C of a gas at a constant volume is the quantity of energy required to raise the temperature T of one mole of gas by one degree while the volume remains the same. Mathematically. Cv=AT 1 ΔΕΝ where is the number of moles of gas, AEth is the change in internal (or thermal) energy, and AT is the change in temperature. Kinetic theory tells us that the temperature of a gas is directly proportional to the total kinetic energy of the molecules in the gas. The equipartition theorem says that each degree of freedom of a molecule has an average energy equal to KBT, where k is Boltzmann's constant 1.38 x 10-23J/K. When summed over the entire gas, this gives nRT, where R-8.314 is the ideal gas constant, for each molecular degree of freedom. mol-K Using the equipartition theorem, determine the molar specific heat, Cr, of a gas in which each molecule has a degrees of freedom. Express your answer in terms of R and s. ▸ View Available Hint(s) C₂ = Submit ΠΗΓΙΑΣΦ VAX Previous Answers ? mol-K
Thermodynamics deals with the macroscopic properties of materials. Scientists can make quantitative predictions about these macroscopic properties by thinking on a microscopic scale. Kinetic theory and statistical mechanics provide a way to relate molecular models to thermodynamics. Predicting the heat capacities of gases at a constant volume from the number of degrees of freedom of a gas molecule is one example of the predictive power of molecular models. The molar specific heat C of a gas at a constant volume is the quantity of energy required to raise the temperature T of one mole of gas by one degree while the volume remains the same. Mathematically. Cv=AT 1 ΔΕΝ where is the number of moles of gas, AEth is the change in internal (or thermal) energy, and AT is the change in temperature. Kinetic theory tells us that the temperature of a gas is directly proportional to the total kinetic energy of the molecules in the gas. The equipartition theorem says that each degree of freedom of a molecule has an average energy equal to KBT, where k is Boltzmann's constant 1.38 x 10-23J/K. When summed over the entire gas, this gives nRT, where R-8.314 is the ideal gas constant, for each molecular degree of freedom. mol-K Using the equipartition theorem, determine the molar specific heat, Cr, of a gas in which each molecule has a degrees of freedom. Express your answer in terms of R and s. ▸ View Available Hint(s) C₂ = Submit ΠΗΓΙΑΣΦ VAX Previous Answers ? mol-K
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![Thermodynamics deals with the macroscopic properties of materials. Scientists can make
quantitative predictions about these macroscopic properties by thinking on a microscopic scale.
Kinetic theory and statistical mechanics provide a way to relate molecular models to
thermodynamics. Predicting the heat capacities of gases at a constant volume from the number of
degrees of freedom of a gas molecule is one example of the predictive power of molecular models.
The molar specific heat Cv of a gas at a constant volume is the quantity of energy required to raise
the temperature T of one mole of gas by one degree while the volume remains the same.
Mathematically,
Cv =
1 AEth
η ΔΤ
where n is the number of moles of gas, AEth is the change in internal (or thermal) energy, and
AT is the change in temperature.
Kinetic theory tells us that the temperature of a gas is directly proportional to the total kinetic energy
of the molecules in the gas. The equipartition theorem says that each degree of freedom of a
molecule has an average energy equal to kBT, where kB is Boltzmann's constant
1.38 x 10-23J/K. When summed over the entire gas, this gives nRT, where
R = 8.314 mol-K is the ideal gas constant, for each molecular degree of freedom.
Using the equipartition theorem, determine the molar specific heat, Cv, of a gas in which each molecule has s degrees of freedom.
Express your answer in terms of R and s.
► View Available Hint(s)
C₂ =
Submit
[5] ΑΣΦ
Previous Answers
?
J
mol-K](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F114d112a-89da-40ea-8ec8-a25f26317aff%2Fbce71e1b-023a-43cc-ae77-300cd3ce4945%2Fgqg9kd_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Thermodynamics deals with the macroscopic properties of materials. Scientists can make
quantitative predictions about these macroscopic properties by thinking on a microscopic scale.
Kinetic theory and statistical mechanics provide a way to relate molecular models to
thermodynamics. Predicting the heat capacities of gases at a constant volume from the number of
degrees of freedom of a gas molecule is one example of the predictive power of molecular models.
The molar specific heat Cv of a gas at a constant volume is the quantity of energy required to raise
the temperature T of one mole of gas by one degree while the volume remains the same.
Mathematically,
Cv =
1 AEth
η ΔΤ
where n is the number of moles of gas, AEth is the change in internal (or thermal) energy, and
AT is the change in temperature.
Kinetic theory tells us that the temperature of a gas is directly proportional to the total kinetic energy
of the molecules in the gas. The equipartition theorem says that each degree of freedom of a
molecule has an average energy equal to kBT, where kB is Boltzmann's constant
1.38 x 10-23J/K. When summed over the entire gas, this gives nRT, where
R = 8.314 mol-K is the ideal gas constant, for each molecular degree of freedom.
Using the equipartition theorem, determine the molar specific heat, Cv, of a gas in which each molecule has s degrees of freedom.
Express your answer in terms of R and s.
► View Available Hint(s)
C₂ =
Submit
[5] ΑΣΦ
Previous Answers
?
J
mol-K
![Part B
Given the molar specific heat C, of a gas at constant volume, you can determine the number of degrees of freedom s that are energetically accessible.
For example, at room temperature cis-2-butene, C₂Hg, has molar specific heat C₂ = 70.6. How many degrees of freedom of cis-2-butene are energetically accessible?
Express your answer numerically to the nearest integer.
► View Available Hint(s)
S=
[5] ΑΣΦ
Submit
?](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F114d112a-89da-40ea-8ec8-a25f26317aff%2Fbce71e1b-023a-43cc-ae77-300cd3ce4945%2Fibvmaf_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Part B
Given the molar specific heat C, of a gas at constant volume, you can determine the number of degrees of freedom s that are energetically accessible.
For example, at room temperature cis-2-butene, C₂Hg, has molar specific heat C₂ = 70.6. How many degrees of freedom of cis-2-butene are energetically accessible?
Express your answer numerically to the nearest integer.
► View Available Hint(s)
S=
[5] ΑΣΦ
Submit
?
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