There are three major factors that affect stroke volume and therefore affect cardiac output: afterload, preload, and contractility. Select two of these factors and explain how and why each affects cardiac output.

There are three major factors that affect stroke volume and therefore affect cardiac output: afterload, preload, and contractility. Select two of these factors and explain how and why each affects cardiac output.

Biomedical Instrumentation Systems

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133478294

Author:Chatterjee

Publisher:Chatterjee

Chapter8: Defibrillators And Pacemakers

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1Q

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Introduction

Cardiac output is a phenomenon in cardiovascular physiology that is characterized by the rate of blood pumped by the heart into the circulatory system per minute.

Cardiac output (CV) is equal to the product of the stroke volume (SV) and the heart rate (HR). It is mathematically expressed as $C V = S V \times H R$ .

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