The strike of meteorites alters the chemical signature of Earth leading to the speciation of present prokaryotes to primitive eukaryotes. The force of impact when the meteorite hits Earth provides enough energy to combine the right-handed and left-handed amino acids to form DNA for primitive eukaryotes. The impact of the meteorite introduced amino acids and organic molecules that would be precursors to DNA, allowing prokaryotes to replicate and evolve. The similar organic compounds on the meteorite indicate the presence of prokaryotes that evolved into more complex microorganisms with DNA upon their interaction with Earth's environment.

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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Fragments of the Murchison meteorite that crashed in 1969 have been analyzed by
multiple laboratories. The Murchison meteorite broke apart and crashed on Earth 3.5
billion years ago, causing mass destruction. The 1969 data can be broken down into the
following statements.
More than 86 amino acids and 14,000 molecular compounds have been detected.
The amino acids detected are a mixture of right-handed and left-handed molecules and include
some known amino acids and several extraterestrial amino acids.
The concentration ratios of known amino acids are similar to the ratios found on Earth.
The Murchison meteorite belongs to the class of meteorites that contain chemical signatures of
the solar system around the time of the Sun's formation.
Researchers in a lab recreated conditions similar to the Murchison meteorite strike in an
environment comparable to Earth 3.5 billion years ago.
Which of the following statements predicts the most likely results from their simulation
experiment?
The strike of meteorites alters the chemical signature of Earth leading to the speciation of
present prokaryotes to primitive eukaryotes.
The force of impact when the meteorite hits Earth provides enough energy to combine the
right-handed and left-handed amino acids to form DNA for primitive eukaryotes.
The impact of the meteorite introduced amino acids and organic molecules that would be
precursors to DNA, allowing prokaryotes to replicate and evolve.
The similar organic compounds on the meteorite indicate the presence of prokaryotes that
evolved into more complex microorganisms with DNA upon their interaction with Earth's
environment.
Transcribed Image Text:Fragments of the Murchison meteorite that crashed in 1969 have been analyzed by multiple laboratories. The Murchison meteorite broke apart and crashed on Earth 3.5 billion years ago, causing mass destruction. The 1969 data can be broken down into the following statements. More than 86 amino acids and 14,000 molecular compounds have been detected. The amino acids detected are a mixture of right-handed and left-handed molecules and include some known amino acids and several extraterestrial amino acids. The concentration ratios of known amino acids are similar to the ratios found on Earth. The Murchison meteorite belongs to the class of meteorites that contain chemical signatures of the solar system around the time of the Sun's formation. Researchers in a lab recreated conditions similar to the Murchison meteorite strike in an environment comparable to Earth 3.5 billion years ago. Which of the following statements predicts the most likely results from their simulation experiment? The strike of meteorites alters the chemical signature of Earth leading to the speciation of present prokaryotes to primitive eukaryotes. The force of impact when the meteorite hits Earth provides enough energy to combine the right-handed and left-handed amino acids to form DNA for primitive eukaryotes. The impact of the meteorite introduced amino acids and organic molecules that would be precursors to DNA, allowing prokaryotes to replicate and evolve. The similar organic compounds on the meteorite indicate the presence of prokaryotes that evolved into more complex microorganisms with DNA upon their interaction with Earth's environment.
Dinosaur and ancestral bird fossil data from the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time
periods were used to estimate body mass. Scientists are examining the connection
between body mass, niche saturation, and extinction of species in the Triassic, Jurassic,
and Cretaceous time periods. The terrestrial dinosaurs' neck length and diet are compared
to the evolution of the winged dinosaur through the three time periods.
Triassic
Jurassic
Cretaceous
100,000T
• Herbivore dinosaurs
10,000+
A Long-necked
herbivore dinosaurs
1,000+
100+
1 Carnivorous dinosaurs
10+
Winged dinosaurs-
ancestors of
1+
modern birds
0.1+
0.01+
250
200
150
100
Years (Millions)
Which of the following statements best states the null hypotheses regarding winged
dinosaurs?
The greater number of herbivore dinosaurs throughout all the periods inhibited the evolution
of winged dinosaurs due to a lack of available resources and habitat.
A greater number of winged dinosaurs of the early Cretaceous period become extinct as
fewer winged dinosaurs with greater body mass evolve to take over their niche.
The extinction of long-necked herbivores in the late Jurassic period provided a greater
amount of habitat and food resources for early Cretaceous period winged dinosaurs.
The greater total body mass of the terrestrial dinosaurs means they used large amounts of
space and food, which prevented the evolution of the winged dinosaur.
Body Mass (Kg)
Transcribed Image Text:Dinosaur and ancestral bird fossil data from the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time periods were used to estimate body mass. Scientists are examining the connection between body mass, niche saturation, and extinction of species in the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time periods. The terrestrial dinosaurs' neck length and diet are compared to the evolution of the winged dinosaur through the three time periods. Triassic Jurassic Cretaceous 100,000T • Herbivore dinosaurs 10,000+ A Long-necked herbivore dinosaurs 1,000+ 100+ 1 Carnivorous dinosaurs 10+ Winged dinosaurs- ancestors of 1+ modern birds 0.1+ 0.01+ 250 200 150 100 Years (Millions) Which of the following statements best states the null hypotheses regarding winged dinosaurs? The greater number of herbivore dinosaurs throughout all the periods inhibited the evolution of winged dinosaurs due to a lack of available resources and habitat. A greater number of winged dinosaurs of the early Cretaceous period become extinct as fewer winged dinosaurs with greater body mass evolve to take over their niche. The extinction of long-necked herbivores in the late Jurassic period provided a greater amount of habitat and food resources for early Cretaceous period winged dinosaurs. The greater total body mass of the terrestrial dinosaurs means they used large amounts of space and food, which prevented the evolution of the winged dinosaur. Body Mass (Kg)
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