The solubility of acetanilide in hot water is 5.5 g/100 mL at 100 °C and its solubility in cold water is 0.53 g/100 mL at 0 °C. a) Calculate the volume of water necessary to dissolve 500.0 mg of acetanilide at 100°C. This is the theoretical ideal volume of water to recrystallize 500.0 mg acetanilide. M1V1=M2V2 -> V2=M1V1/M2 = (5.5g)(100ml)/(0.5g)=1100ml. b) Assume that the solution from part a was cooled to 0°C. Calculate the mass of acetanilide that would remain dissolved in the chilled water calculated in part a. This mass is the acetanilide that could not be recovered from the chilled solution. c) Calculate the mass of acetanilide that could be recovered under these ideal conditions. This is 500.0 mg - (mass calculated in part b).
Electronic Effects
The effect of electrons that are located in the chemical bonds within the atoms of the molecule is termed an electronic effect. The electronic effect is also explained as the effect through which the reactivity of the compound in one portion is controlled by the electron repulsion or attraction producing in another portion of the molecule.
Drawing Resonance Forms
In organic chemistry, resonance may be a mental exercise that illustrates the delocalization of electrons inside molecules within the valence bond theory of octet bonding. It entails creating several Lewis structures that, when combined, reflect the molecule's entire electronic structure. One Lewis diagram cannot explain the bonding (lone pair, double bond, octet) elaborately. A hybrid describes a combination of possible resonance structures that represents the entire delocalization of electrons within the molecule.
Using Molecular Structure To Predict Equilibrium
Equilibrium does not always imply an equal presence of reactants and products. This signifies that the reaction reaches a point when reactant and product quantities remain constant as the rate of forward and backward reaction is the same. Molecular structures of various compounds can help in predicting equilibrium.
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