The soil profile at a site for a proposed office building consists of a layer of fine sand 10.4 m thick above a layer of over consolidated clay 2 m thick. Below the clay is a deposit of coarse sand as shown in figure. 3 m Fine sand 7.4 m イ Clay Coarse sand For sand: void ratio = 0.76 %3D For clay: water content = 38% Specific gravity of clay and sand both = 2.7 Vertical stress increase = 140 kPa Compression index of clay = 0.3 Recompression index of clay = 0.05 Over consolidation ratio = 1.5 %3D %3D %3D Assume soil above water table to be saturated. The primary consolidation settlement of the clay will be: 2.

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A: (a)

Q: Dry Sand Clay Groundwater, 4 Table 42-

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Q: m below the surface.

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Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.