The single-line diagram of a three-phase power system is shown in below Figure. Equipment ratings are given as follows: Synchronous generators: GI 1000 MVA G2 1000 MVA G3 500 MVA 750 MVA G4 Transformers: TI T2 T3 T4 1000 MVA 1000 MVA 500 MVA 750 MVA Transmission lines: 500 kV 500 kV 500 kV 1-2 1-3 2-3 15 kV 15 kV 13.8 kV 13.8 kV b) XdX2= 0.18, Xo = 0.07 per unit Xd" = X2=0.20, Xo = 0.10 per unit Xd X2= 0.15, Xo = 0.05 per unit Xa=0.30, X₂=0.40, Xo = 0.10 per unit 15 kV A/500 kV Y 15 kV A/500 kV Y 15 kV Y/500 kV Y 15 kV Y/500 kV Y X = 0.10 per unit X= 0.10 per unit X = 0.12 per unit X=0.11 per unit Χι = 50 Ω, Χ = 150 Ω X₁40 S2, Xo= 100 2 Xy = 40 Ω, Χο = 100 Ω a) The inductor connected to Generator 3 neutral has a reactance of 0.05 per unit using generator 3 ratings as a base. Draw the zero-, positive-, and negative-sequence reactance diagrams using a 1000-MVA, 500-kV base in the zone of line 1-2. Neglect the A-Y transformer phase shifts. Faults at bus 1 are of interest. Determine the Thévenin equivalent of each sequence network as viewed from the fault bus 1. Prefault voltage is 1.0 per unit. Prefault load currents and A-Y transformer phase shifts are neglected. (Hint: Use the Y-A conversion.) Determine the subtransient fault current in per-unit and in kA during a bolted three-phase fault at the fault bus 1.

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Load flow analysis

Load flow analysis is a study or numerical calculation of the power flow of power in steady-state conditions in any electrical system. It is used to determine the flow of power (real and reactive), voltage, or current in a system under any load conditions. 

Nodal Matrix

The nodal matrix or simply known as admittance matrix, generally in engineering term it is called Y Matrix or Y bus, since it involve matrices so it is also referred as a n into n order matrix that represents a power system with n number of buses. It shows the buses' nodal admittance in a power system. The Y matrix is rather sparse in actual systems with thousands of buses. In the power system the transmission cables connect each bus to only a few other buses. Also the important data that one needs for have a power flow study is the Y Matrix.

Types of Buses

A bus is a type of system of communication that transfers data between the components inside a computer or between two or more computers. With multiple hardware connections, the earlier buses were parallel electrical wires but the term "bus" is now used for any type of physical arrangement which provides the same type of logical functions similar to the parallel electrical bus. Both parallel and bit connections are used by modern buses. They can be wired either electrical parallel or daisy chain topology or are connected by hubs which are switched same as in the case of Universal Serial Bus or USB.