Answered: The single layer of columnar epithelial…

The single layer of columnar epithelial cells lining the small intestine has a brush border of microvilli. How do you think microvilli increase absorption?

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter16: The Digestive System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3RE

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The single layer of columnar epithelial cells lining the small intestine has a brush border of microvilli. How do you think microvilli increase absorption?

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Some of the intestinal epithelial cells, called goblet cells, contain small globules of mucus. Why are there cells in the small intestine that produce mucus?
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A general principle of physiology is that structure is a determinant of—and has coevolved with—function. One example highlighted in this chapter is the large surface area provided by the villous and microvillous structure of the cells lining the small intestine
Will a fat cell have a more or less developed rough endoplasmic reticulum than a pancreatic cell? Why?
When food is digested, it passes through the alimentary canal, or the gastrointestinal tract, beginning at the mouth and ending at the anus. As it travels it gets broken down into smaller and smaller macromolecules until they are small enough to be absorbed into the lining of the GI tract. What cells would you not expect to find in the lining of the GI tract?
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How many major types of cells gastric glands have? Explain.
Reduced peristalsis would slow the movement of stool through the large intestine. How might this affect water concentration in the stool?
In order to allow the diffusion of islet beta cells encapsulated within the medical scaffold into the pancreas to provide a functional pancreas, which material would be ideal for that out of collagen, fibrin, and silk?
What happens to digestive enzymes after they havedone their job? What happens to dead epithelial cells thatslough off the gastrointestinal mucosa? Explain.
Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/sintestine) that depicts the structure of the small intestine, and, in particular, the villi. Epithelial cells continue the digestion and absorption of nutrients and transport thesenutrients to the lymphatic and circulatory systems. In the small intestine, the products of food digestion are absorbed by different structures in the villi. Which structure absorbs and transports fats?