The paper "Lessons from Pacemaker Implantations" gave the results of a study that followed 89 heart patients who had received electronic pacemakers. The time (in months) to the first electrical malfunction of the pacemaker was summarized in the table below. 16 28 31 14 23 33 11 10 22 33 26 16 15 27 29 26 26 7 15 16 5 17 18 6 19 10 6 20 6 18 23 12 24 19 21 24 27 13 23 16 11 34 16 14 18 17 22 25 26 28 26 4 13 28 9 16 29 15 16 7 27 18 21 3 14 22 35 10 14 28 18 25 8 7 5 26 24 25 15 28 9 24 4 10 13 18 19 11 13               (a) Fill in the following table. (Round your answer to four decimal places if needed.) Classes Frequency Relative Frequency Cumulative Relative Frequency 0 - <6       6 - <12       12 - <18       18 - <24       24 - <30       30 - <36       (b) Use the cumulative relative frequencies to give approximate answers to the following questions. (Round your answer to four decimal places if needed.) What proportion of those who participated in the study had pacemakers that did not malfunction within the first year? If the pacemaker must be replaced as soon as the first electrical malfunction occurs, approximately what proportion required replacement between 1 and 2 years after implantation? p = (c) Construct a cumulative relative frequency plot. Prepare an Excel document. The file should be named with a .xls extension. Comment: Use it to answer the following questions. (Round your answers to the nearest whole number if needed.) What is the approximate time at which about 50% of the pacemakers had failed? ii. What is the approximate time at which only about 10% of the pacemakers initially implanted were still functioning?

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The paper "Lessons from Pacemaker Implantations" gave the results of a study that followed 89 heart patients who had received electronic pacemakers. The time (in months) to the first electrical malfunction of the pacemaker was summarized in the table below.

16

28

31

14

23

33

11

10

22

33

26

16

15

27

29

26

26

7

15

16

5

17

18

6

19

10

6

20

6

18

23

12

24

19

21

24

27

13

23

16

11

34

16

14

18

17

22

25

26

28

26

4

13

28

9

16

29

15

16

7

27

18

21

3

14

22

35

10

14

28

18

25

8

7

5

26

24

25

15

28

9

24

4

10

13

18

19

11

13

             

(a) Fill in the following table. (Round your answer to four decimal places if needed.)

Classes

Frequency

Relative Frequency

Cumulative Relative Frequency

0 - <6

     

6 - <12

     

12 - <18

     

18 - <24

     

24 - <30

     

30 - <36

     


(b) Use the cumulative relative frequencies to give approximate answers to the following questions. (Round your answer to four decimal places if needed.)

  1. What proportion of those who participated in the study had pacemakers that did not malfunction within the first year?


  2. If the pacemaker must be replaced as soon as the first electrical malfunction occurs, approximately what proportion required replacement between 1 and 2 years after implantation?
    p =


(c) Construct a cumulative relative frequency plot. Prepare an Excel document. The file should be named with a .xls extension.

Comment:


Use it to answer the following questions. (Round your answers to the nearest whole number if needed.)

  1. What is the approximate time at which about 50% of the pacemakers had failed?


    ii. What is the approximate time at which only about 10% of the pacemakers initially implanted were still functioning?

 

Expert Solution
Step 1

Part a:

From the provided data we the table as below:

Classes

Frequency

Relative frequency

Cumulative relative frequency

0 - < 6

5

5/89 =  0.0562

0.0562

6 - < 12

16

16/89 =  0.1798

0.2360

12 - < 18

22

22/89 =  0.2472

0.4831

18 - < 24

18

18/89 =  0.2022

0.6854

24 - < 30

23

23/89 =  0.2584

0.9438

30 - < 36

5

5/89 =  0.0562

1.0000

Sum

89

1

 

 

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