The normal physiologic regulation of calcium homeostasis is NOT regulated by which of the following? 1) Parathyroid hormone 2) Vitamin D 3) Parathyroid hormone-related protein 4) Albumin no references, just homework
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The normal physiologic regulation of calcium homeostasis is NOT regulated by which of the following?
1) Parathyroid hormone
2) Vitamin D
3) Parathyroid hormone-related protein
4) Albumin
no references, just homework
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- For each of the following scenarios explain how blood calcium would be effected (increased or decrease) and describe the pathway that results in an alteration of calcium levels. A: Jackie goes on a tropical vacation. B: Larry has takes a medication that osteoblasts more active. C: Lisa has an operation to remove her parathyroid glands.Pyrophosphate can inhibit bone resorption but is not a good drug candidate because it is readily hydrolysed in the GI tract.i) How does pyrophosphate interact with calcium ions on a bone’s surface?ii) Why are bisphosphonates less susceptible to hydrolysis than pyrophosphate?iii) Besides interaction with calcium ions, describe 2 other mechanisms by which bisphosphonates can inhibit bone resorption.The normal level of calcium in blood ranges from 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL. It must be tightly controlled. Mention the hormones that participate in the control of calcium level and explain the role of these hormones in the process of calcium homeostasis.
- Which of the following hormones are released when blood calcium levels fall? Question 97 options: a) Calcitonin b) Thyroxin c) Hydroxyapatite d) Parathyroid hormonewhich two hormones are primarily involved in calcium homeostasis ? where does each come from ? and what effect does each have on blood calcium concentrations?A sensitive indicator of laboratory examination for the early diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency rickets is() A) parathyroid hormone increase B) Blood phosphorus reduce C) 25-(OH)-D3 reduce D) Alkaline phosphatase increase E) Blood calcium reduce
- The statement "The increase and decrease of calcium levels is an excellent example of external changes brought about by the environment", is it true or false?Distress has several important impacts on homeostasis of calcium, which would include: Group of answer choices Reduced uptake of calcium from the intestines, even if Vitamin D was high Reduced blood flow through the kidneys and thus less ability for PTH to stimulate activation of Vitamin D Reduced blood flow through the skin and thus reduced ability to activate Vitamin D within the skin Reduced ability for PTH to bind to its receptors on osteoclasts, and thus decreased ability to liberate calcium from bones ( explain all question with proper answer and type the answer ) .A black market for growth hormone abuse already exists among weight lifters and other athletes. What actions of growth hormone would induce a full-grown athlete to take supplemental doses of this hormone? What are the potential detrimental side effects?
- Betty has a calcium poor diet and because of her age (menopause years) she is concerned about becoming hypocalcemic (low blood calcium). Once the blood levels of calcium start dropping, the body will compensate for hypocalcemia. Receptors continually feed the brain’s hypothalamus (blood-calcium regulatory center) information on calcium blood levels. The parathyroid gland will be stimulated to release parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH will stimulate osteoclast cells to break down bone and release the stored calcium to the blood, raising the calcium blood level. a. What is the stimulus?b. What is the control center?c. Identify the control center’s response to the stimuli?d. Does the response stop/reverse the stimuli or enhance the stimuli?e. Is the body’s response a negative or positive feedback?Which cause-and-effect relationship is correct for a deficiency of active vitamin D (calcitriol)? bone formation is increased because vitamin D blocks the action of PTH on bone resorption osteoporosis, but not osteomalacia, is associated with a calcitriol deficiency because calcitriol synergizes with PTH in its action on bone hypophosphatemia occurs because of decreased intestinal phosphate absorption hypercalcemia occurs because of decreased intestinal calcium absorptionHow is calcium regulated in the body?