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The Niagara river, separating the United States from Canada, flows from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. These lakes differ in elevation by about 100 m. Most of this drop occurs over Falls and in the rapids just above and below the falls, creating a natural opportunity Niagara for hydroelectric power generation. The Robert Moses hydroelectric power plant draws water from the river well above the falls and discharges it well below them. It has a peak capacity of 2,300,000 kW at a maximum water flow of 3,100,000 kg-s. In the following, take 1 kg of water as the system. (a) What is the potential energy of the water flowing out of Lake Erie, relative to the surface of Lake Ontario?

The Niagara river, separating the United States from Canada, flows from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. These lakes differ in elevation by about 100 m. Most of this drop occurs over Falls and in the rapids just above and below the falls, creating a natural opportunity Niagara for hydroelectric power generation. The Robert Moses hydroelectric power plant draws water from the river well above the falls and discharges it well below them. It has a peak capacity of 2,300,000 kW at a maximum water flow of 3,100,000 kg-s. In the following, take 1 kg of water as the system. (a) What is the potential energy of the water flowing out of Lake Erie, relative to the surface of Lake Ontario?

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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4. The Niagara river, separating the United States from Canada, flows from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. These lakes differ in elevation by about 100 m. Most of this drop occurs over Niagara Falls and in the rapids just above and below the falls, creating a natural opportunity for hydroelectric power generation. The Robert Moses hydroelectric power plant draws water from the river well above the falls and discharges it well below them. It has a peak capacity of 2,300,000 kW at a maximum water flow of 3,100,000 kg-s. In the following, take 1 kg of water as the system. (a) What is the potential energy of the water flowing out of Lake Erie, relative to the surface of Lake Ontario? (b) At peak capacity, what fraction of this potential energy is converted to electrical energy in the Robert Moses power plant? (c) If the temperature of the water is unchanged in the overall process, how much heat flows to or from it?
Transcribed Image Text:4. The Niagara river, separating the United States from Canada, flows from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. These lakes differ in elevation by about 100 m. Most of this drop occurs over Niagara Falls and in the rapids just above and below the falls, creating a natural opportunity for hydroelectric power generation. The Robert Moses hydroelectric power plant draws water from the river well above the falls and discharges it well below them. It has a peak capacity of 2,300,000 kW at a maximum water flow of 3,100,000 kg-s. In the following, take 1 kg of water as the system. (a) What is the potential energy of the water flowing out of Lake Erie, relative to the surface of Lake Ontario? (b) At peak capacity, what fraction of this potential energy is converted to electrical energy in the Robert Moses power plant? (c) If the temperature of the water is unchanged in the overall process, how much heat flows to or from it?
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