Answered: The National Assessment of Educational…

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)

10th Edition

ISBN:9780134753119

Author:Sheldon Ross

Publisher:Sheldon Ross

Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...

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The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is a nationwide assessment of students' proficiency in nine subjects: mathematics, reading, writing, science, the arts, civics, economics, geography, and U.S. history. The main NAEP assessments are conducted annually on samples of students from grades 4, 8, and 12.

Suppose in 2000, the science scores for female students had a mean of 146 with a standard deviation of 35. Assume that these scores are normally distributed with the given mean and standard deviation.

The normal curve representing this distribution of the scores is symmetrical about a vertical line through .

The value 41 is below the mean, and the value 251 is above the mean. The area under the curve between 41 and 251 is approximately .

Similarly, 95.44% of the female students scored between and .

Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...

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