Physical Chemistry 2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781133958437
Author: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
1 Gases And The Zeroth Law Of Thermodynamics 2 The First Law Of Thermodynamics 3 The Second And Third Laws Of Thermodynamics 4 Gibbs Energy And Chemical Potential 5 Introduction To Chemical Equilibrium 6 Equilibria In Single-component Systems 7 Equilibria In Multiple-component Systems 8 Electrochemistry And Ionic Solutions 9 Pre-quantum Mechanics 10 Introduction To Quantum Mechanics 11 Quantum Mechanics: Model Systems And The Hydrogen Atom 12 Atoms And Molecules 13 Introduction To Symmetry In Quantum Mechanics 14 Rotational And Vibrational Spectroscopy 15 Introduction To Electronic Spectroscopy And Structure 16 Introduction To Magnetic Spectroscopy 17 Statistical Thermodynamics: Introduction 18 More Statistical Thermodynamics 19 The Kinetic Theory Of Gases 20 Kinetics 21 The Solid State: Crystals 22 Surfaces Chapter3: The Second And Third Laws Of Thermodynamics
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 3.1E: Decide whether the following processes will be spontaneous, and why. The why can be general, not... Problem 3.2E: Try to find one additional example of a spontaneous process that is in fact endothermic that is, it... Problem 3.3E: Consider the following quantities for a Carnot-type cycle: Step 1: q=+850J,w=850J. Step 2:... Problem 3.4E: Consider the following quantities for a four-step cycle: Step 1: q=+445J,w=445J. Step 2: q=0,w=99J.... Problem 3.5E: What is the temperature of the low-temperature reservoir of a process that has an efficiency of... Problem 3.6E: What is the temperature of the high - temperature reservoir of a process that has an efficiency of... Problem 3.7E Problem 3.8E: Explain why the high-temperature reservoir of a heat engine must, indeed, be higher in temperature... Problem 3.9E: Superheated steam is steam with a temperature greater than 100C. Explain the advantages of using... Problem 3.10E Problem 3.11E: The Carnot cycle is defined as having a certain specific first step, the isothermal expansion of a... Problem 3.12E: In thermodynamics, the pathway in a pressure-volume diagram for an adiabatic change is called an... Problem 3.13E: A refrigerator is the reverse of an engine: Work is performed to remove heat from a system, making... Problem 3.14E: Efficiency is given by equations 3.5, 3.6, and 3.10. Although we deal mostly with ideal gases in the... Problem 3.15E: What is the entropy change for an ideal Carnot cycle? Explain your answer. Problem 3.16E: What is the entropy change for the melting of 3.87moles of bismuth at its melting point of 271.3C?... Problem 3.17E: What is the entropy change for the solidification of 1.00oz.(28.3g) of liquid gold at 1064C? The... Problem 3.18E: Explain why the statement No process is 100 efficient is not the best statement of the second law of... Problem 3.19E: What is the change in entropy of 1.00mole of water as it is heated reversibly from 0C to 100C?... Problem 3.20E Problem 3.21E: One mole of He warms up irreversibly at constant volume from 45C to 55C. Is the change in entropy... Problem 3.22E: Consider a monatomic ideal gas in a piston chamber, where the initial volume is 2.00L and the... Problem 3.23E: A 0.500-mol sample of an ideal gas has an initial temperature of 298K. It is compressed from an... Problem 3.24E: SO2 in a piston chamber kept in a constant-temperature bath at 25.0C expands from 25.0mL to 75.0mL... Problem 3.25E: A normal breath has a volume of about 1L. The pressure exerted by the lungs to draw air in is about... Problem 3.26E: An automobile tire contains 15.6L of air at 46.0psi absolute and 22.0C. What is the entropy change... Problem 3.27E: An automobile tire contains 15.6L of air at 46.0psi absolute and 22.0C. After driving around a... Problem 3.28E: A sample of ideal gas from a compressed gas cylinder goes from 230atm to 1atm, with a concurrent... Problem 3.29E Problem 3.30E: In Example 3.5, a heat capacity of 20.78J/molK was used, which is 5/2R. Is this value of heat... Problem 3.31E Problem 3.32E: 4.00L of Ar and 2.50L of He, each at 298K and 1.50atm, were mixed isothermally and isobarically. The... Problem 3.33E: Dentists might use a mixture of 40N2O and 60O2 as an initial anesthetic of nitrous oxide although... Problem 3.34E: A 5.33-g piece of Cu metal is heated to 99.7C in boiling water, then dropped into a calorimeter... Problem 3.35E: A sample of 1.00mol of silver at 150C is placed in contact with 1.00mol of silver at 0C. Calculate a... Problem 3.36E Problem 3.37E: What is the change in entropy when 2.22mol of water is heated from 25.0C to 100C? Assume that the... Problem 3.38E: Estimate the entropy change of an 800-lb engine (1lb=0.455kg) that goes from normal environmental... Problem 3.39E: Calculate the molar entropy change of the gas that accompanies the bursting of a balloon if the... Problem 3.40E: A normal breath is about 1L in volume. Assume you take a breath at sea level, where the pressure is... Problem 3.41E: The first law of thermodynamics is sometimes stated You cant win and the second law is stated... Problem 3.42E: Troutons rule states that the entropy of boiling at the normal point is 85J/molK. a Does the data... Problem 3.43E Problem 3.44E: Argue from Boltzmanns definition for entropy that S can never have a negative value. Hint: See... Problem 3.45E Problem 3.46E: Which system has the higher entropy? a A clean kitchen or a dirty kitchen? b A blackboard with... Problem 3.47E: Which system has the higher entropy? a 1g of solid Au at 1064K or 1g of liquid Au at 1064K? b 1 mole... Problem 3.48E: The absolute entropy of He at 298.15K is 126.04J/molK. What is its absolute entropy at 1000.00K?... Problem 3.49E: The absolute entropy of Kr at 298.15K is 163.97J/molK. What is its absolute entropy at 200.00K if... Problem 3.50E: The element helium is thought to remain a liquid at absolute zero. Solid helium can be made only by... Problem 3.51E: Order the following substances in order of increasing entropy: NaCl(solid), C(graphite), C(diamond),... Problem 3.52E: The molar entropy change for a process is 1.00J/molK. By what percentage has the number of possible... Problem 3.53E: What is the entropy change of a process if doubles in the course of the process? You will need to... Problem 3.54E: One mole of ideal gas expands isothermally and reversibly by 1.00L. In one case, the expansion... Problem 3.55E: Why isnt the entropy of elements in their standard pressure at normal that is, room temperatures... Problem 3.56E: Determine the entropy of formation, fS, of the following compounds. Assume 25C. a H2O(l) b H2O(g) c... Problem 3.57E: The thermite reaction has solid aluminum powder reacting with iron (III) oxide to make aluminum... Problem 3.58E Problem 3.59E: Determine the differences in the rxnS under standard conditions for the two following reactions:... Problem 3.60E: Calcium carbonate has two crystalline forms, called aragonite formed by mollusks for their shells... Problem 3.61E: The chemical formula for gasoline can be approximated as C8H18. The chemical reaction for the... Problem 3.62E Problem 3.63E Problem 3.64E: Plants take in CO2(g) and H2O(l) and make glucose, C6H12O6(s), and O2(g). Determine the standard... Problem 3.65E Problem 3.66E Problem 3.67E: Plots of Cp/T versus T are used to determine the entropy of a material, as the entropy value would... Problem 3.18E: Explain why the statement No process is 100 efficient is not the best statement of the second law of...
Related questions
“The most stable state of an isolated system is the state of maximum entropy”. Use the second law of thermodynamics to explain this statement.
Science that deals with the amount of energy transferred from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state.
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