The magenta curved line in the diagram shown represents an electron-pushing arrow. Indicate what the direction of the arrow should Н. Н погода H.C... H be: From the C-C bond to the C-H bond Н H.COH H H
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
![**Topic: Drawing Curved Arrows - Electron Movement in Organic Reactions**
**Description:**
The diagram illustrates the movement of electrons in an organic reaction using curved arrows. The color-coded arrows represent different electron movements:
1. **Magenta curved arrow**: Represents an electron-pushing movement that needs interpretation.
2. **Red curved arrow**: Shows the movement of a pair of electrons from a lone pair on oxygen towards a carbon atom, indicating the formation of a C-O bond.
3. **Blue curved arrow**: Demonstrates the breaking of an O-H bond, with electrons shifting towards the oxygen, likely resulting in an anion.
4. **Purple curved arrow**: Indicates the breaking of a C-H bond, with electrons moving towards a neighboring carbon atom.
**Multiple Choice Question**:
Indicate what the direction of the magenta arrow should be:
- [ ] From the C-C bond to the C-H bond
- [ ] From the C-H bond to the C-C bond
**Options**:
- Save for Later
- Submit Answer
This interactive exercise helps students understand electron flow during chemical reactions by analyzing the movement indicated by curved arrows.
**Note**: The reaction starts from a reactant molecule with an alkoxide ion and proceeds to form a new alcohol and an iodide ion.
**Instructions for Students**:
- Analyze the direction and implication of each arrow.
- Choose the correct direction for the magenta arrow based on electron movement principles.
- Use the "Submit Answer" button to check your understanding or save your response to review later.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1689762d-f62c-4208-be17-d7c2ebd9cf15%2Ff66458b2-da62-4dc6-b36b-7710fec01673%2F8evcsxm_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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