The indicator-dilution method is a technique used to determine flow rates of fluids in channels for which devices like rotameters and orifice meters cannot be used (e.g., rivers, blood vessels, and large- diameter pipelines). A stream of an easily measured substance (the tracer) is injected into the channel at a known rate, and the tracer concentration is measured at a point far enough downstream of the injection point for the tracer to be completely mixed with the flowing fluid. The larger the flow rate of the fluid, the lower the tracer concentration at the measurement point. A gas stream that contains 1.50 mole% CO, flows through a pipeline. Twenty (20.00) kilograms of CO, per minute is injected into the line. A sample of the gas is drawn from a point in the line 150 meters downstream of the injection point and found to contain 2.3mole% CO,. (a) Estimate the gas flow rate (kmol/min) upstream of the injection point. (b) Eighteen seconds elapse from the instant the additional CO, is first injected to the time the CO, concentration at the measurement point begins to rise. Assuming that the tracer travels at the average velocity of the gas in the pipeline (i.e., neglecting diffusion of CO2), estimate the average velocity (m/s). If the molar gas density is 0.123 kmol/m³, what is the pipe diameter?
The indicator-dilution method is a technique used to determine flow rates of fluids in channels for which devices like rotameters and orifice meters cannot be used (e.g., rivers, blood vessels, and large- diameter pipelines). A stream of an easily measured substance (the tracer) is injected into the channel at a known rate, and the tracer concentration is measured at a point far enough downstream of the injection point for the tracer to be completely mixed with the flowing fluid. The larger the flow rate of the fluid, the lower the tracer concentration at the measurement point. A gas stream that contains 1.50 mole% CO, flows through a pipeline. Twenty (20.00) kilograms of CO, per minute is injected into the line. A sample of the gas is drawn from a point in the line 150 meters downstream of the injection point and found to contain 2.3mole% CO,. (a) Estimate the gas flow rate (kmol/min) upstream of the injection point. (b) Eighteen seconds elapse from the instant the additional CO, is first injected to the time the CO, concentration at the measurement point begins to rise. Assuming that the tracer travels at the average velocity of the gas in the pipeline (i.e., neglecting diffusion of CO2), estimate the average velocity (m/s). If the molar gas density is 0.123 kmol/m³, what is the pipe diameter?
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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Transcribed Image Text:The indicator-dilution method is a technique used to determine flow rates of fluids in channels for
which devices like rotameters and orifice meters cannot be used (e.g., rivers, blood vessels, and large-
diameter pipelines). A stream of an easily measured substance (the tracer) is injected into the channel
at a known rate, and the tracer concentration is measured at a point far enough downstream of the
injection point for the tracer to be completely mixed with the flowing fluid. The larger the flow rate of
the fluid, the lower the tracer concentration at the measurement point.
A gas stream that contains 1.50 mole% CO, flows through a pipeline. Twenty (20.00) kilograms of
CO, per minute is injected into the line. A sample of the gas is drawn from a point in the line 150 meters
downstream of the injection point and found to contain 2.3mole% CO,.
(a) Estimate the gas flow rate (kmol/min) upstream of the injection point.
(b) Eighteen seconds elapse from the instant the additional CO, is first injected to the time the CO,
concentration at the measurement point begins to rise. Assuming that the tracer travels at the
average velocity of the gas in the pipeline (i.e., neglecting diffusion of CO2), estimate the
average velocity (m/s). If the molar gas density is 0.123 kmol/m³, what is the pipe diameter?
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