The following two step bar is subjected to an axial load P. The cross-section of the bar is rectangle with a thickness of t=4.9mm, and the Young's modulus is E=88 GPa. Using two elements with equal lengths, find the stiffness matrix of both elements. Suppose that the stiffness matrices are in the form of а K₁= [Ca -a what is the value of a + b? (Hint: The stiffness matrix of each element should be obtained in N/m) 0.1 m aN/m, K₂= 0.5 m b [b b 2 0.0 0.5 m

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Axial Load

When a bar of the uniform cross-section is acted by a load, such that the load acts along the longitudinal axis of the bar, such kinds of loadings are known as axial loadings. In general terms, a load is an external force acting on a component. An axial load acts perpendicular to the geometric cross-section of the component. Based on the direction of the application of the load, an axial load can be tensile or compressive. The analysis of bodies under the action of axial loads is generally studied under the branch of mechanics, known as statics.