The following table was presented in an article summarizing a study to compare a new drug to a standard drug and to a placebo. Characteristic* New Drug Standard Drug Placebo p Age, years 45.2 (4.8) 44.9 (5.1) 42.8 (4.3) 0.5746 % Female 51% 55% 57% 0.1635 Annual Income, $000s 59.5 (14.3) 63.8 (16.9) 58.2 (13.6) 0.4635 % with Insurance 87% 65% 82% 0.0352 Disease Stage 0.0261 Stage I 35% 18% 33% Stage II 42% 37% 47% Stage III 23% 51% 20% *Table entries and Mean (SD) or % Consider the test for differences in age among the new drug compared to the placebo (two variables). Write the hypotheses and the formula of the test statistic used (No computations required – formula only). Consider the test for differences in proportions of individuals with insurance coverage among the new drug and the placebo (hint: two variables). Write the hypotheses and the formula of the test statistic used (No computations required – formula only). Consider the test for differences in disease stage among treatments. Write the hypotheses and the formula of the test statistic used (No computations required – formula only). Are disease stage and drug assignment independent?
The following table was presented in an article summarizing a study to compare a new drug to a standard drug and to a placebo.
|
Characteristic* |
New Drug |
Standard Drug |
Placebo |
p |
|
Age, years |
45.2 (4.8) |
44.9 (5.1) |
42.8 (4.3) |
0.5746 |
|
% Female |
51% |
55% |
57% |
0.1635 |
|
Annual Income, $000s |
59.5 (14.3) |
63.8 (16.9) |
58.2 (13.6) |
0.4635 |
|
% with Insurance |
87% |
65% |
82% |
0.0352 |
|
Disease Stage |
|
|
|
0.0261 |
|
Stage I |
35% |
18% |
33% |
|
|
Stage II |
42% |
37% |
47% |
|
|
Stage III |
23% |
51% |
20% |
|
*Table entries and Mean (SD) or %
Consider the test for differences in age among the new drug compared to the placebo (two variables). Write the hypotheses and the formula of the test statistic used (No computations required – formula only).
Consider the test for differences in proportions of individuals with insurance coverage among the new drug and the placebo (hint: two variables). Write the hypotheses and the formula of the test statistic used (No computations required – formula only).
Consider the test for differences in disease stage among treatments. Write the hypotheses and the formula of the test statistic used (No computations required – formula only). Are disease stage and drug assignment independent?
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