The following reactions are obtained on ABO testing of a patient's blood sample. What is the most likely ABO group? Anti-A: 3+ Anti-B: NEG Anti-A1: NEG A1 cells: 2+ A2 cells: NEG B cells: 4+ O cells: Neg a. Ax b. A1 c. A2 with anti-A1 d. A2B with anti-A2
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The following reactions are obtained on ABO testing of a patient's blood sample. What is the most likely ABO group?
Anti-A: 3+
Anti-B: NEG
Anti-A1: NEG
A1 cells: 2+
A2 cells: NEG
B cells: 4+
O cells: Neg
a. Ax
b. A1
c. A2 with anti-A1
d. A2B with anti-A2
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- A freshly drawn blood specimen from a patient with severe signs of AIDS shows a cell grouping of A. Reverse grouping shows no agglutination with A or B cells. The MOST probable explanation is that the patient A. is subgroup group A2 with anti-A1 B. is losing the ability to produce antibody due to the disease process C. is subgroup group A3 D. has a positive direct antiglobulin testBlood serum isoenzyme analysis can be used to a. detect cell damage b. imply a site of tissue damage c. both of the above are correct d. no correct responseIn which cells are the enzyme TdT actively functioning? (select all that apply) Select one or more: a. immature B cells b. plasma cells c. hematopoietic stem cells d. pro-B cells
- Which ONE of the following flow cytometry results is most likely in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia? Select one: A.CD11c+, CD25+, CD103+ B.CD5+, CD19+, CD20+ (dim) C.Surface immunoglobulin+, CD5+, cyclin D1+ D.CD10+, CD20+, FMC7+a. LFA-1 b. IL-1 receptors c. CXCL-8 d. NFkB e. TLR-4 Which of these deficiency are responsible for the lack of neutrophils at the infection site. May choose multiple, please explainMatch the following:
- 3. Serum proteins that increase in concentration within 24 to 48 hours of the onset of infection or injury are called: A. antibodies B. immunoglobulins. C. gamma globulins D. acute-phase proteins 4. Which of the following can be measured as an indicator of inflammation? A. Body temperature B. Number of circulating leukocytes C. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 5. Acute-phase reactants are elevated in a patient's serum. What does this result, on its own, indicate about the patient? A. Inflammation of an unknown cause is present B. The patient has a leukemia but not a lymphoma. C. The patient has a bacterial infection. D. There is a parasiticfinfection and not a viral infection. 6. The phagosome of a macrophage is a membrane-bound vesicle that contains: A. enzymes A. reactive oxygen intermediates. B. ingested pathogens C. perforin and granzymes. 7. Macrophages recognize target cells using which of the following? A. MHC class I molecules B. Toll-like receptorsWhich of the following statements does not describe tolerogens accurately? Select one: A. They can be the same molecules as immunogens. B. They lead immune cells to become unresponsive. C. They can be foreign antigens. D. They affect B cells but not T cells. E. The can be presented by antigen- presenting cells.3. Draw an IgG antibody. Label the following: a. The heavy and light chains b. The constant and variable domains c. The Fab and Fc domains d. The antigen binding site, e. The hinge region f. The amino and carboxyl termini g. Indicate approximately the location of critical glycosylation sites h. Indicate approximately where the CDR (hypervariable domains) are located