The following osmotic pressure data have been obtained for lactate dehydrogenase in two different buffer systems. a. In 0.1 M KC1/0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer at 25°C (buffer density 1.012 g/ml), T/C had the value of 0.183 cm of solvent/(g/l), independent of concen- tration. Calculate M. = b. In 6.0 M guanidine hydrochloride, a denaturing and dissociating solvent, with den- sity 1.150 g/ml, the following data were obtained:
The following osmotic pressure data have been obtained for lactate dehydrogenase in two different buffer systems. a. In 0.1 M KC1/0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer at 25°C (buffer density 1.012 g/ml), T/C had the value of 0.183 cm of solvent/(g/l), independent of concen- tration. Calculate M. = b. In 6.0 M guanidine hydrochloride, a denaturing and dissociating solvent, with den- sity 1.150 g/ml, the following data were obtained:
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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please answer part A ONLY!
![C₂
μ₁ = μ₁ - RTV₁ ( + BC² + ... + V₁ T
M₂
Solving for T, we find
(C/₂
π = RT
(13.41)
We have calculated the pressure difference required to equate the chemical poten-
tial of solvent on the two sides of the membrane. This we call the osmotic pressure. It
must be applied for the system to be at equilibrium. If the solution is very dilute or
if B = 0 (ideal solution), we obtain
IT =
IT RT
C₂ M₂
-
+ BC² +
RTC ₂
M₂
(13.40)
This equation explains the historical importance of osmotic pressure. It allowed the
measurement of the molecular weights of macromolecules by an experimentally
simple technique. Indeed, the determination that hemoglobin had a molecular
weight of 67,000 (Adair 1925) was a milestone in molecular biology. Even at that
time, the importance of nonideality and the necessity of extrapolating data to low
concentrations was appreciated. A practical equation for the calculation of M₂ for a
nonideal system can be written as by dividing Eq. 13.41 by C₂,
(13.42)
+ BRTC2 +
(13.43)
Thus, graphing /C₂ versus С₂ should allow determination of both M₂ and B. Graphs
of osmotic pressure data for globular and unfolded proteins are shown in Figure 13.6.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1dd80890-34f3-42a2-96e7-3fec6dc24d2c%2Fc7afa6fd-2768-42ea-9b41-6fd911a42bf5%2Fhxpla5a_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:C₂
μ₁ = μ₁ - RTV₁ ( + BC² + ... + V₁ T
M₂
Solving for T, we find
(C/₂
π = RT
(13.41)
We have calculated the pressure difference required to equate the chemical poten-
tial of solvent on the two sides of the membrane. This we call the osmotic pressure. It
must be applied for the system to be at equilibrium. If the solution is very dilute or
if B = 0 (ideal solution), we obtain
IT =
IT RT
C₂ M₂
-
+ BC² +
RTC ₂
M₂
(13.40)
This equation explains the historical importance of osmotic pressure. It allowed the
measurement of the molecular weights of macromolecules by an experimentally
simple technique. Indeed, the determination that hemoglobin had a molecular
weight of 67,000 (Adair 1925) was a milestone in molecular biology. Even at that
time, the importance of nonideality and the necessity of extrapolating data to low
concentrations was appreciated. A practical equation for the calculation of M₂ for a
nonideal system can be written as by dividing Eq. 13.41 by C₂,
(13.42)
+ BRTC2 +
(13.43)
Thus, graphing /C₂ versus С₂ should allow determination of both M₂ and B. Graphs
of osmotic pressure data for globular and unfolded proteins are shown in Figure 13.6.
![The following osmotic pressure data have been obtained for lactate dehydrogenase in
two different buffer systems.
a. In 0.1 M KC1/0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer at 25°℃ (buffer density
1.012 g/ml), ¬/C had the value of 0.183 cm of solvent/(g/l), independent of concen-
tration. Calculate M.
=
b. In 6.0 M guanidine hydrochloride, a denaturing and dissociating solvent, with den-
sity 1.150 g/ml, the following data were obtained:](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1dd80890-34f3-42a2-96e7-3fec6dc24d2c%2Fc7afa6fd-2768-42ea-9b41-6fd911a42bf5%2Ffbaidz9_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:The following osmotic pressure data have been obtained for lactate dehydrogenase in
two different buffer systems.
a. In 0.1 M KC1/0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer at 25°℃ (buffer density
1.012 g/ml), ¬/C had the value of 0.183 cm of solvent/(g/l), independent of concen-
tration. Calculate M.
=
b. In 6.0 M guanidine hydrochloride, a denaturing and dissociating solvent, with den-
sity 1.150 g/ml, the following data were obtained:
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