The following items detail a decay chain from radioactive Uranium-235 to stable Lead-207. What is the nature of ionising radiation produced at each step? a. 235 °92U→231,Th + ? b. 231 90 Th → 231 "91 Pa + ? 231 91 1Ра — 227 c. '89Ac + ? d. 227 '89Ac- 227 go Th + ? 227 е. oTh - → 22399RA + ? 90 f. 223 88R - + 219 86Rn + ? 219 215 84 g. 86Rn – Ро + ? 215 84P0 + h. 211 82Pb + ? 211 i. 82 Pb – 211 83B¡ + ?

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Polymerization Kinetics

Polymerization is a chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that diverge in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes. Polymerization is generally classified into step-growth and chain polymerization. Polymers are categorized into linear polymer and cross-linked polymers that are produced either by condensation or additional polymerization.