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The following graph gives the labor market for laboratory aides in the imaginary country of Sophos. The equilibrium hourly wage is $10, and the equilibrium number of laboratory aides is 150. Suppose the federal government of Sophos has decided to institute an hourly payroll tax of $4 on laboratory aides and wants to determine whether the tax should be levied on the workers, the employers, or both (in such a way that half the tax is collected from each party). Use the graph input tool to evaluate these three proposals. Entering a number into the Tax Levied on Employers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the demand curve down by the amount you enter, and entering a number into the Tax Levied on Workers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the supply curve up by the amount you enter. To determine the before-tax wage for each tax proposal, adjust the amount in the Wage field until the quantity of labor supplied equals the quantity of labor demanded. You will not be graded on any changes you make to this graph. Note: Once you enter a value in a white field, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each grey field will change accordingly. WAGE (Dollars per hour) 20 18 16 14 12 0 0 Supply Demand 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 LABOR (Number of workers) Graph Input Tool Market for Laboratory Aides Wage (Dollars per hour) Labor Demanded (Number of workers) Demand Shifter Tax Levied on Employers (Dollars per hour) 4 375 0 Labor Supplied (Number of workers) Supply Shifter Tax Levied on Workers (Dollars per hour) (? 0 0

The following graph gives the labor market for laboratory aides in the imaginary country of Sophos. The equilibrium hourly wage is $10, and the equilibrium number of laboratory aides is 150. Suppose the federal government of Sophos has decided to institute an hourly payroll tax of $4 on laboratory aides and wants to determine whether the tax should be levied on the workers, the employers, or both (in such a way that half the tax is collected from each party). Use the graph input tool to evaluate these three proposals. Entering a number into the Tax Levied on Employers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the demand curve down by the amount you enter, and entering a number into the Tax Levied on Workers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the supply curve up by the amount you enter. To determine the before-tax wage for each tax proposal, adjust the amount in the Wage field until the quantity of labor supplied equals the quantity of labor demanded. You will not be graded on any changes you make to this graph. Note: Once you enter a value in a white field, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each grey field will change accordingly. WAGE (Dollars per hour) 20 18 16 14 12 0 0 Supply Demand 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 LABOR (Number of workers) Graph Input Tool Market for Laboratory Aides Wage (Dollars per hour) Labor Demanded (Number of workers) Demand Shifter Tax Levied on Employers (Dollars per hour) 4 375 0 Labor Supplied (Number of workers) Supply Shifter Tax Levied on Workers (Dollars per hour) (? 0 0

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
14th Edition
ISBN:9780190931919
Author:NEWNAN
Publisher:NEWNAN
Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1QTC
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The following graph gives the labor market for laboratory aides in the imaginary country of Sophos. The equilibrium hourly wage is $10, and the equilibrium number of laboratory aides is 150. Suppose the federal government of Sophos has decided to institute an hourly payroll tax of $4 on laboratory aides and wants to determine whether the tax should be levied on the workers, the employers, or both (in such a way that half the tax is collected from each party). Use the graph input tool to evaluate these three proposals. Entering a number into the Tax Levied on Employers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the demand curve down by the amount you enter, and entering a number into the Tax Levied on Workers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the supply curve up by the amount you enter. To determine the before-tax wage for each tax proposal, adjust the amount in the Wage field until the quantity of labor supplied equals the quantity of labor demanded. You will not be graded on any changes you make to this graph. Note: Once you enter a value in a white field, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each grey field will change accordingly. WAGE (Dollars per hour) 20 18 16 14 10 2 0 0 30 Supply Demand 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 LABOR (Number of workers) Graph Input Tool Market for Laboratory Aides Wage (Dollars per hour) Labor Demanded (Number of workers) Demand Shifter Tax Levied on Employers (Dollars per hour) 4 375 0 Labor Supplied (Number of workers) Supply Shifter Tax Levied on Workers (Dollars per hour) ? 0 0
Transcribed Image Text:The following graph gives the labor market for laboratory aides in the imaginary country of Sophos. The equilibrium hourly wage is $10, and the equilibrium number of laboratory aides is 150. Suppose the federal government of Sophos has decided to institute an hourly payroll tax of $4 on laboratory aides and wants to determine whether the tax should be levied on the workers, the employers, or both (in such a way that half the tax is collected from each party). Use the graph input tool to evaluate these three proposals. Entering a number into the Tax Levied on Employers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the demand curve down by the amount you enter, and entering a number into the Tax Levied on Workers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the supply curve up by the amount you enter. To determine the before-tax wage for each tax proposal, adjust the amount in the Wage field until the quantity of labor supplied equals the quantity of labor demanded. You will not be graded on any changes you make to this graph. Note: Once you enter a value in a white field, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each grey field will change accordingly. WAGE (Dollars per hour) 20 18 16 14 10 2 0 0 30 Supply Demand 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 LABOR (Number of workers) Graph Input Tool Market for Laboratory Aides Wage (Dollars per hour) Labor Demanded (Number of workers) Demand Shifter Tax Levied on Employers (Dollars per hour) 4 375 0 Labor Supplied (Number of workers) Supply Shifter Tax Levied on Workers (Dollars per hour) ? 0 0
For each of the proposals, use the previous graph to determine the new number of laboratory aides hired. Then compute the after-tax amount paid by employers (that is, the wage paid to workers plus any taxes collected from the employers) and the after-tax amount earned by laboratory aides (that is, the wage received by workers minus any taxes collected from the workers). Levied on Employers (Dollars per hour) 4 Tax Proposal 0 2 Levied on Workers (Dollars per hour) 0 4 2 Quantity Hired (Number of workers) After-Tax Wage Paid by Employers (Dollars per hour) O The proposal in which the entire tax is collected from workers O The proposal in which the tax is collected from each side evenly O The proposal in which the tax is collected from employers None of the proposals is better than the others After-Tax Wage Received by Workers (Dollars per hour) Suppose the government is concerned that laboratory aides already make too little money and, therefore, wants to minimize the share of the tax paid by employees. Of the three tax proposals, which is best for accomplishing this goal?
Transcribed Image Text:For each of the proposals, use the previous graph to determine the new number of laboratory aides hired. Then compute the after-tax amount paid by employers (that is, the wage paid to workers plus any taxes collected from the employers) and the after-tax amount earned by laboratory aides (that is, the wage received by workers minus any taxes collected from the workers). Levied on Employers (Dollars per hour) 4 Tax Proposal 0 2 Levied on Workers (Dollars per hour) 0 4 2 Quantity Hired (Number of workers) After-Tax Wage Paid by Employers (Dollars per hour) O The proposal in which the entire tax is collected from workers O The proposal in which the tax is collected from each side evenly O The proposal in which the tax is collected from employers None of the proposals is better than the others After-Tax Wage Received by Workers (Dollars per hour) Suppose the government is concerned that laboratory aides already make too little money and, therefore, wants to minimize the share of the tax paid by employees. Of the three tax proposals, which is best for accomplishing this goal?
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