The figure below is a constant-head permeability test device. The cross-sectional area of the sample is 120 cm2. After 10 seconds, the volume of water flowing through the soil sample is 150 cm3. What is the coefficient of permeability of the soil sample? What is the hydraulic gradient and seepage force of the seepage flow?

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Laboratory Determination of Hydraulic Conductivity

Hydraulic conductivity is the measure of flowability of water inside the soil in the presence of a hydraulic gradient. The hydraulic gradient is defined as the difference in the water heads in the soil, which induces a water motion. In simple terms, a hydraulic gradient is the presence of a potential that induces a flow of water.