The expression Ugrav = mgh is an approximation is that is only valid near the Earth's surface. The full expression for the gravitational potential energy between two-point masses my, my separated by distance r is: Gm₂m₂ Ugrav Here we take U = 0 at r= co. This relation also holds for spheres if we use the distance between centers. Repeat the calculation for the change in potential energy of the falling 25 kg mass with the full gravitational potential energy expression. You will want to keep six digits of precision in your calculation. Mg = 5.97 x 1024 kg, R = 6,370 km. Compare your result for AU with the full expression for the gravitational potential energy with your answers for AU from the previous page using Umgh. When can you use the approximation Ugrar = mgh with g = 9.8 m/s²? Choose all correct answers. • If the initial point is near the Earth's surface - the final point can be anywhere. • If the final point is near the Earth's surface - the initial point can be anywhere. • Only if both the initial and final points are near the Earth's surface. • Pretty much never because you don't let approximations. Anytime you want since you don't care whether your satellite will reach orbit or crash.
Stellar evolution
We may see thousands of stars in the dark sky. Our universe consists of billions of stars. Stars may appear tiny to us but they are huge balls of gasses. Sun is a star of average size. Some stars are even a thousand times larger than the sun. The stars do not exist forever they have a certain lifetime. The life span of the sun is about 10 billion years. The star undergoes various changes during its lifetime, this process is called stellar evolution. The structure of the sun-like star is shown below.
Red Shift
It is an astronomical phenomenon. In this phenomenon, increase in wavelength with corresponding decrease in photon energy and frequency of radiation of light. It is the displacement of spectrum of any kind of astronomical object to the longer wavelengths (red) side.
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