The enthalpy of combustion and the standard enthalpy of formation of a fuel can be determined by measuring the temperature change in a calorimeter when a weighed amount of the fuel is burned in oxygen. (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the combus- tion of isooctane, C3H18(€), to CO2(g) and H2O(€). Isooctane is a component of gasoline and is used as a reference standard in determining the “octane rating" of a fuel mixture. (b) Suppose 0.542 g isooctane is placed in a fixed-volume (bomb) calorimeter, which contains 750 g water, ini- tially at 20.450°C, surrounding the reaction compart- ment. The heat capacity of the calorimeter itself (excluding the water) has been measured to be 48 J K-1 in a separate calibration. After the combustion of the isooctane is complete, the water temperature is mea- sured to be 28.670°C. Taking the specific he: to be 4.184 J K-1g¬!, calculate AU for the combustion of 0.542 g isooctane. (c) Calculate AU for the combustion of 1 mol isooctane. (d) Calculate AH for the combustion of 1 mol isooctane. (e) Calculate AH°; for the isooctane.
The enthalpy of combustion and the standard enthalpy of formation of a fuel can be determined by measuring the temperature change in a calorimeter when a weighed amount of the fuel is burned in oxygen. (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the combus- tion of isooctane, C3H18(€), to CO2(g) and H2O(€). Isooctane is a component of gasoline and is used as a reference standard in determining the “octane rating" of a fuel mixture. (b) Suppose 0.542 g isooctane is placed in a fixed-volume (bomb) calorimeter, which contains 750 g water, ini- tially at 20.450°C, surrounding the reaction compart- ment. The heat capacity of the calorimeter itself (excluding the water) has been measured to be 48 J K-1 in a separate calibration. After the combustion of the isooctane is complete, the water temperature is mea- sured to be 28.670°C. Taking the specific he: to be 4.184 J K-1g¬!, calculate AU for the combustion of 0.542 g isooctane. (c) Calculate AU for the combustion of 1 mol isooctane. (d) Calculate AH for the combustion of 1 mol isooctane. (e) Calculate AH°; for the isooctane.
Chemistry
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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Question
![The enthalpy of combustion and the standard enthalpy of
formation of a fuel can be determined by measuring the
temperature change in a calorimeter when a weighed
amount of the fuel is burned in oxygen.
(a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the combus-
tion of isooctane, C3H18(€), to CO2(g) and H2O(€).
Isooctane is a component of gasoline and is used as a
reference standard in determining the “octane rating"
of a fuel mixture.
(b) Suppose 0.542 g isooctane is placed in a fixed-volume
(bomb) calorimeter, which contains 750 g water, ini-
tially at 20.450°C, surrounding the reaction compart-
ment. The heat capacity of the calorimeter itself
(excluding the water) has been measured to be 48 J K-1
in a separate calibration. After the combustion of the
isooctane is complete, the water temperature is mea-
sured to be 28.670°C. Taking the specific he:
to be 4.184 J K-1g¬!, calculate AU for the combustion
of 0.542 g isooctane.
(c) Calculate AU for the combustion of 1 mol isooctane.
(d) Calculate AH for the combustion of 1 mol isooctane.
(e) Calculate AH°; for the isooctane.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F199b1259-b712-4eb7-bb4d-8948d2c955ff%2Fd8c31aa8-f80c-4d7d-9fd1-f5f96db240bb%2Fsjfbni.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:The enthalpy of combustion and the standard enthalpy of
formation of a fuel can be determined by measuring the
temperature change in a calorimeter when a weighed
amount of the fuel is burned in oxygen.
(a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the combus-
tion of isooctane, C3H18(€), to CO2(g) and H2O(€).
Isooctane is a component of gasoline and is used as a
reference standard in determining the “octane rating"
of a fuel mixture.
(b) Suppose 0.542 g isooctane is placed in a fixed-volume
(bomb) calorimeter, which contains 750 g water, ini-
tially at 20.450°C, surrounding the reaction compart-
ment. The heat capacity of the calorimeter itself
(excluding the water) has been measured to be 48 J K-1
in a separate calibration. After the combustion of the
isooctane is complete, the water temperature is mea-
sured to be 28.670°C. Taking the specific he:
to be 4.184 J K-1g¬!, calculate AU for the combustion
of 0.542 g isooctane.
(c) Calculate AU for the combustion of 1 mol isooctane.
(d) Calculate AH for the combustion of 1 mol isooctane.
(e) Calculate AH°; for the isooctane.
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