The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus are two organelles that are not physically joined, yet materials can still be exchanged between them. How can materials, such as proteins, move between the ER and Golgi when these organelles are not touching each other? A) When a substance such as a protein needs to move between these organelles, it is first dismantled in one organelle, then reassembled when it arrives at the other organelle. B) Substances such as proteins can travel between these organelles within transport vesicles. C) None of these; a single molecule will not go from one organelle to another. D) Substances like proteins will move between these organelles by diffusion through the cytoplasm. ..
Structure and Composition of Cell Membrane
Despite differences in structure and function, all living cells in multicellular organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. Just like the outer layer of the skin separates the body from its environment similarly, the cell membrane, also known as 'plasma membrane,' separates the inner content from its exterior environment.
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is known by different names like plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, or biological membrane. The term "cell membrane" was first introduced by C. Nageli and C. Cramer in the year 1855. Later on, in 1931, the term "plasmalemma" for cell membrane was given by J. Plowe. The cell membrane separates the cell's internal environment from the extracellular space. This separation allows the protection of cells from their environment.
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
The cell is defined as the basic structural and functional unit of life. The cell membrane bounds it. It is capable of independent existence.
The following is the order in which proteins destined for secretion pass through the secretory pathway: rough ER → ER-to-Golgi transport vesicles → Golgi cisternae → secretory or transport vesicles → cell surface (exocytosis).The cis-Golgi reticulum is formed when small transport vesicles branch off from the ER and fuse together.
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