The compressive strength of alumina quartz (Al2O3) is 2.1 GPa. A quartz tube is being used for a vacuum furnace. Both ends of the tube are constrained and cannot move. To what temperature can the tube be heated up from room temperature such that the tube won’t fracture due to the thermal stress?

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Q: What is Bragg’s law? What is its use

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Axial Load

When a bar of the uniform cross-section is acted by a load, such that the load acts along the longitudinal axis of the bar, such kinds of loadings are known as axial loadings. In general terms, a load is an external force acting on a component. An axial load acts perpendicular to the geometric cross-section of the component. Based on the direction of the application of the load, an axial load can be tensile or compressive. The analysis of bodies under the action of axial loads is generally studied under the branch of mechanics, known as statics.