The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has a new vaccine against a disease and are trying to determine the optimal percentage of the population that should be vaccinated. They do not recommend vaccinating the whole population against the smallpox virus because the vaccine has undesirable, and sometimes fatal, side effects. Suppose the following table gives the data about the effects of the vaccine. Percent of population Deaths Due to Deaths due to Marginal Marginal Cost vaccinated Disease vaccine side Benefit of the of the Vaccine effects Vaccine (extra (extra deaths lives saved by due to side vaccine) effects) 0% 200 0 NA NA 10% 180 10 20% 160 25 30% 140 55 40% 120 95 50% 100 140 60% 80 200 a. Calculate the Marginal Benefit (in terms of how many extra lives are saved by the vaccine) and the marginal cost (in terms of how many extra lives are lost due to side effects) of each 10% increment of the vaccination. Write your answers on the appropriate columns above b. Using marginal thinking, determine the optimal percentage of the population that should be vaccinated. Explain your answer.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has a new vaccine against a disease and are trying to determine the optimal percentage of the population that should be vaccinated. They do not recommend vaccinating the whole population against the smallpox virus because the vaccine has undesirable, and sometimes fatal, side effects. Suppose the following table gives the data about the effects of the vaccine.

Percent of population	Deaths Due to	Deaths due to	Marginal	Marginal Cost
vaccinated	Disease	vaccine side	Benefit of the	of the Vaccine
		effects	Vaccine (extra	(extra deaths
			lives saved by	due to side
			vaccine)	effects)
0%	200	0	NA	NA
10%	180	10
20%	160	25
30%	140	55
40%	120	95
50%	100	140
60%	80	200

a. Calculate the Marginal Benefit (in terms of how many extra lives are saved by the vaccine) and the marginal cost (in terms of how many extra lives are lost due to side effects) of each 10% increment of the vaccination. Write your answers on the appropriate columns above

b. Using marginal thinking, determine the optimal percentage of the population that should be vaccinated. Explain your answer.

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