The biotech approach known as ____________ might be used to grow a healthy banana or cassava plant from some disease-free cells, whereas a transgenic crop like Golden Rice might require the use of ____________, or perhaps, more recently, ___________. tissue culture, recombinant DNA, CRISPR conservation agriculture, CRISPR, marker-assisted selection marker-assisted selection, CBD, Nagoya recombinant DNA, CRISPR, tissue culture
Molecular Techniques
Molecular techniques are methods employed in molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and biophysics to manipulate and analyze nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)), protein, and lipids. Techniques in molecular biology are employed to investigate the molecular basis for biological activity. These techniques are used to analyze cellular properties, structures, and chemical reactions, with a focus on how certain molecules regulate cellular reactions and growth.
DNA Fingerprinting and Gel Electrophoresis
The genetic makeup of living organisms is shown by a technique known as DNA fingerprinting. The difference is the satellite region of DNA is shown by this process. Alex Jeffreys has invented the process of DNA fingerprinting in 1985. Any biological samples such as blood, hair, saliva, semen can be used for DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting is also known as DNA profiling or molecular fingerprinting.
Molecular Markers
A known DNA sequence or gene sequence is present on a chromosome, and it is associated with a specific trait or character. It is mainly used as a genetic marker of the molecular marker. The first genetic map was done in a fruit fly, using genes as the first marker. In two categories, molecular markers are classified, classical marker and a DNA marker. A molecular marker is also known as a genetic marker.
DNA Sequencing
The most important feature of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules are nucleotide sequences and the identification of genes and their activities. This the reason why scientists have been working to determine the sequences of pieces of DNA covered under the genomic field. The primary objective of the Human Genome Project was to determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human nuclear genome. DNA sequencing selectively eliminates the introns leading to only exome sequencing that allows proteins coding.
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The biotech approach known as ____________ might be used to grow a healthy banana or cassava plant from some disease-free cells, whereas a transgenic crop like Golden Rice might require the use of ____________, or perhaps, more recently, ___________.
tissue culture, recombinant DNA, CRISPR
conservation agriculture, CRISPR, marker-assisted selection
marker-assisted selection, CBD, Nagoya
recombinant DNA, CRISPR, tissue culture
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Imagine you attend an on-campus debate between a seed company representative and a representative from Seed Savers Exchange (a non-profit focused on farmer exchange of open-pollinated varieties). A major portion of the debate focuses on the ethics of intellectual property rights protecting seed usage. What is the argument that the seed company representative is most likely making?
Intellectual property rights are unethical and should not be able to protect living organisms
Intellectual property rights incentivize investments in research and development and spur innovation
Intellectual property rights promote crop diversity
Intellectual property rights ensure that research and investment is dedicated to things like the nutrient density of crop varieties
Tensions are rising regarding usage of the Colorado River in the Southwestern states. Colorado and New Mexico, among other states, are concerned that Arizona plans to use more water from the river than it needs rather than pursue water conservation efforts. This is an example of:
Geopolitics
Liquid relations
International relations
Hydropolitics
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