The assembly division of Stiles Watches, Inc. uses the FIFO method of process costing. Consider the following data for the month of May 2017: Requirement Summarize the total costs to account for, calculate the cost per equivalent unit for direct materials and conversion costs, and assign costs to units completed (and transferred out) and to units in ending work in process. Begin by summarizing the total costs to account for. Total Direct Conversion Production Costs Materials Costs (1) (2) Total costs to account for Next, calculate cost per equivalent unit for direct materials and conversion costs. Direct Conversion Materials Costs (3) Divide by (4) Cost per equivalent unit Finally, assign total costs to units completed (and transferred out) and to units in ending work in process (WIP). Begin by calculating the total from beginning inventory, then calculate the total costs accounted for. Total Direct Conversion Production Costs Materials Costs Completed and transferred out: (5) (6) Total from beginning inventory (7) Total costs of units completed and transferred out (8) Total costs accounted for 1: Data Table Physical Units Direct Conversion (Watches) Materials Costs Beginning work in process (May 1)a 60 $249,750 $100,400 Started in May 2017 478 Completed during May 2017 443 Ending work in process (May 31)b 95 Total costs added during May 2017 $2,598,000 $1,251,600 a Degree of completion: direct materials, 80%; conversion costs, 25%. b Degree of completion: direct materials, 40%; conversion costs, 20%. 2: Reference Equivalent Units Direct Conversion Flow of Production Materials Costs Completed and transferred out during current period: From beginning work in process 12 45 Started and completed 383 383 Work in process, ending 38 19 Equivalent units of work done in current period 433 447
Process Costing
Process costing is a sort of operation costing which is employed to determine the value of a product at each process or stage of producing process, applicable where goods produced from a series of continuous operations or procedure.
Job Costing
Job costing is adhesive costs of each and every job involved in the production processes. It is an accounting measure. It is a method which determines the cost of specific jobs, which are performed according to the consumer’s specifications. Job costing is possible only in businesses where the production is done as per the customer’s requirement. For example, some customers order to manufacture furniture as per their needs.
ABC Costing
Cost Accounting is a form of managerial accounting that helps the company in assessing the total variable cost so as to compute the cost of production. Cost accounting is generally used by the management so as to ensure better decision-making. In comparison to financial accounting, cost accounting has to follow a set standard ad can be used flexibly by the management as per their needs. The types of Cost Accounting include – Lean Accounting, Standard Costing, Marginal Costing and Activity Based Costing.
Total
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Direct
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Conversion
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Production Costs
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Materials
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Costs
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(1)
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(2)
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Total costs to account for
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Direct
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Conversion
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Materials
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Costs
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(3)
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Divide by
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(4)
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Cost per equivalent unit
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Total
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Direct
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Conversion
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Production Costs
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Materials
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Costs
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Completed and transferred out:
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(5)
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(6)
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Total from beginning inventory
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(7)
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Total costs of units completed and transferred out
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(8)
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Total costs accounted for
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Physical Units
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Direct
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Conversion
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(Watches)
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Materials
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Costs
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Beginning work in process (May 1)a
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60
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$249,750
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$100,400
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Started in May 2017
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478
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Completed during May 2017
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443
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Ending work in process (May 31)b
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95
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Total costs added during May 2017
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$2,598,000
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$1,251,600
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Equivalent Units
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Direct
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Conversion
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Flow of Production
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Materials
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Costs
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Completed and transferred out during current period:
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From beginning work in process
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12
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45
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Started and completed
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383
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383
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Work in process, ending
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38
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19
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Equivalent units of work done in current period
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433
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447
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