The Adderley Corporation is considering investing in a new machine that has an estimated life of three years. The cost of the machine (in $ millions) is $500 and the machine will be depreciated straight line over its three-year life to a residual value of $0. The machine will result in sales of 300 million widgets in year 1 with future sales estimated to grow by 10% per year. The price per widget that Adderley will charge its customers is $19 and is to remain constant over the three years. The widgets have a cost per unit to manufacture of $7 each. Installing the machine and the resulting increase in manufacturing capacity will require an increase in various net working capital accounts. It is estimated that the company will need to hold 3% of its annual revenues in cash, 4% of its annual revenues in accounts receivable, 13% of its annual revenues in inventory, but will also benefit from trade financing (e. accounts payable) equal to 6% of its annual revenues. The firm is in the 28% tax bracket and has a cost of capital of 7%. What is the required investment in net working capital (in 5 millions, rounded to one decimal place, e.g. 12.3) in the second year of operations?
Net Present Value
Net present value is the most important concept of finance. It is used to evaluate the investment and financing decisions that involve cash flows occurring over multiple periods. The difference between the present value of cash inflow and cash outflow is termed as net present value (NPV). It is used for capital budgeting and investment planning. It is also used to compare similar investment alternatives.
Investment Decision
The term investment refers to allocating money with the intention of getting positive returns in the future period. For example, an asset would be acquired with the motive of generating income by selling the asset when there is a price increase.
Factors That Complicate Capital Investment Analysis
Capital investment analysis is a way of the budgeting process that companies and the government use to evaluate the profitability of the investment that has been done for the long term. This can include the evaluation of fixed assets such as machinery, equipment, etc.
Capital Budgeting
Capital budgeting is a decision-making process whereby long-term investments is evaluated and selected based on whether such investment is worth pursuing in future or not. It plays an important role in financial decision-making as it impacts the profitability of the business in the long term. The benefits of capital budgeting may be in the form of increased revenue or reduction in cost. The capital budgeting decisions include replacing or rebuilding of the fixed assets, addition of an asset. These long-term investment decisions involve a large number of funds and are irreversible because the market for the second-hand asset may be difficult to find and will have an effect over long-time spam. A right decision can yield favorable returns on the other hand a wrong decision may have an effect on the sustainability of the firm. Capital budgeting helps businesses to understand risks that are involved in undertaking capital investment. It also enables them to choose the option which generates the best return by applying the various capital budgeting techniques.
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