Tatuo Aida investigated the genetic basis of color variation in the medaka (Aplocheilus latipes), a small fish found in Japan (T. Aida. 1921. Genetics 6:554–573). Aida found that genes at two loci (B, b and R, r) determine the color of the fish: fish with a dominant allele at both loci (B_ R_) are brown, fish with a dominant allele at the B locus only(B_ rr) are blue, fish with a dominant allele at the R locus only (bb R_) are red, and fish with recessive alleles at both loci (bb rr) are white. Aida crossed a homozygous brown fish with a homozygous white fish. He then backcrossed the F1 with the homozygous white parent and obtained 228 brown fish, 230 blue fish, 237 red fish, and 222 white fish.   Q.What results would you expect if you crossed a homozygous red fish with a homozygous blue fish and then backcrossed the F1 with a homozygous red parental fish?

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Inheritance and Mendelian Genetics

Inheritance means the passing of traits to offspring from parents. These traits could be passed either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. The offspring receives the genetic material from the parents. Mendelian inheritance is a certain biological inheritance that follows the rules and principles laid down by Gregor Mendel in 1865. The initial hypothesis was considered wrong, but other inheritance theories modified the concept of inheritance and thus genetics.