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Table the major food groups, their subdivisions, and the points in the digestive tract where they are absorbed

Table the major food groups, their subdivisions, and the points in the digestive tract where they are absorbed

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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**Topic: Digestive System and Nutrient Absorption** **Title**: Major Food Groups, Their Subdivisions, and Points of Absorption in the Digestive Tract **Contents:** --- ### Introduction The human digestive system plays a crucial role in breaking down food into nutrients, which the body uses for energy, growth, and cell repair. Understanding the major food groups, their subdivisions, and where they are absorbed in the digestive tract is essential for comprehending how nutrients nourish the body. ### Major Food Groups and Their Absorption Points: 1. **Carbohydrates** - **Subdivisions**: - Simple Carbohydrates (Sugars) - Complex Carbohydrates (Starches and Fibers) - **Absorption Points**: - Mouth: Salivary amylase begins carbohydrate digestion. - Small Intestine (Duodenum and Jejunum): Most carbohydrate absorption occurs here with the help of pancreatic amylase and brush border enzymes. 2. **Proteins** - **Subdivisions**: - Essential Amino Acids - Non-Essential Amino Acids - **Absorption Points**: - Stomach: Pepsin begins the breakdown of proteins. - Small Intestine (Duodenum and Jejunum): Pancreatic enzymes and brush border enzymes continue protein digestion, with amino acids being absorbed into the bloodstream here. 3. **Fats (Lipids)** - **Subdivisions**: - Saturated Fats - Unsaturated Fats - Trans Fats - Cholesterol - **Absorption Points**: - Small Intestine (Duodenum): Bile emulsifies fats, and pancreatic lipase breaks them down into fatty acids and glycerol, which are then absorbed. 4. **Vitamins** - **Subdivisions**: - Water-Soluble Vitamins (Vitamins B and C) - Fat-Soluble Vitamins (Vitamins A, D, E, and K) - **Absorption Points**: - Small Intestine: Water-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly. - Small Intestine: Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed along with dietary fats. 5. **Minerals** - **Subdivisions**: - Macrom
Transcribed Image Text:**Topic: Digestive System and Nutrient Absorption** **Title**: Major Food Groups, Their Subdivisions, and Points of Absorption in the Digestive Tract **Contents:** --- ### Introduction The human digestive system plays a crucial role in breaking down food into nutrients, which the body uses for energy, growth, and cell repair. Understanding the major food groups, their subdivisions, and where they are absorbed in the digestive tract is essential for comprehending how nutrients nourish the body. ### Major Food Groups and Their Absorption Points: 1. **Carbohydrates** - **Subdivisions**: - Simple Carbohydrates (Sugars) - Complex Carbohydrates (Starches and Fibers) - **Absorption Points**: - Mouth: Salivary amylase begins carbohydrate digestion. - Small Intestine (Duodenum and Jejunum): Most carbohydrate absorption occurs here with the help of pancreatic amylase and brush border enzymes. 2. **Proteins** - **Subdivisions**: - Essential Amino Acids - Non-Essential Amino Acids - **Absorption Points**: - Stomach: Pepsin begins the breakdown of proteins. - Small Intestine (Duodenum and Jejunum): Pancreatic enzymes and brush border enzymes continue protein digestion, with amino acids being absorbed into the bloodstream here. 3. **Fats (Lipids)** - **Subdivisions**: - Saturated Fats - Unsaturated Fats - Trans Fats - Cholesterol - **Absorption Points**: - Small Intestine (Duodenum): Bile emulsifies fats, and pancreatic lipase breaks them down into fatty acids and glycerol, which are then absorbed. 4. **Vitamins** - **Subdivisions**: - Water-Soluble Vitamins (Vitamins B and C) - Fat-Soluble Vitamins (Vitamins A, D, E, and K) - **Absorption Points**: - Small Intestine: Water-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly. - Small Intestine: Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed along with dietary fats. 5. **Minerals** - **Subdivisions**: - Macrom
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