An experiment is conducted to measure the electrical resistivity of Nichrome in the form of wires with different lengths and cross-sectional areas. For one set of measurements, a student uses 30-gauge wire, which has a cross-sectional area of 7.30 x 10-8 m2. The student measures the potential difference across the wire and the current in the wire with a voltmeter and an ammeter, respectively. (a) For each set of measurements given in the table taken on wires of three different lengths, calculate the resistance of the wires and the corresponding values of the resistivity. (b) What is the average value of the resistivity? (c) Explain how this valuecompares with the value given in Table 26.2. TABLE 26.2 Resistivities and Temperature Coefficients of Resistivityfor Various MaterialsTemperatureCoefficient a [(°C)-']MaterialResistivitya (N • m)Silver1.59 X 10-83.8 × 10-31.7 × 10-83.9 X 10-3СоpperGold2.44 X 10-83.4 X 10-3Aluminum2.82 × 10-83.9 X 10-3Tungsten5.6 X 10-84.5 X 10-3Iron10 X 10-85.0 X 10-3Platinum11 X 10-83.92 X 10-3Lead22 X 10-83.9 X 10-31.00 X 10-63.5 X 10-5Nichrome0.4 X 10-3Carbon-0.5 × 10-3Germanium0.46-48 X 10-3Silicond2.3 × 1031010 to 1014-75 X 10-3GlassHard rubber1013Sulfur1015Quartz (fused)75 X 1016* All values at 20°C. All elements in this table are assumed to be free of impurities.b See Section 26.4.CA nickel-chromium alloy commonly used in heating elements. The resistivity of Nichromevaries with composition and ranges between 1.00 x 10-6 and 1.50 × 10-6N · m.d The resistivity of silicon is very sensitive to purity. The value can be changed by severalorders of magnitude when it is doped with other atoms. L (m)AV (V)I (A)R (N)p (N · m)0.5405.220.721.0285.820.4141.5435.940.281

The length of wire 1 is 0.540m and potential difference is 5.22 V and current is I= 0.72 A. The…

Answered: TABLE 26.2 Resistivities and…

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ISBN:9781305952300

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors

Section: Chapter Questions

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An experiment is conducted to measure the electrical resistivity of Nichrome in the form of wires with different lengths and cross-sectional areas. For one set of measurements, a student uses 30-gauge wire, which has a cross-sectional area of 7.30 x 10^-8 m². The student measures the potential difference across the wire and the current in the wire with a voltmeter and an ammeter, respectively. (a) For each set of measurements given in the table taken on wires of three different lengths, calculate the resistance of the wires and the corresponding values of the resistivity. (b) What is the average value of the resistivity? (c) Explain how this value
compares with the value given in Table 26.2.

TABLE 26.2 Resistivities and Temperature Coefficients of Resistivity
for Various Materials
Temperature
Coefficient a [(°C)-']
Material
Resistivitya (N • m)
Silver
1.59 X 10-8
3.8 × 10-3
1.7 × 10-8
3.9 X 10-3
Соpper
Gold
2.44 X 10-8
3.4 X 10-3
Aluminum
2.82 × 10-8
3.9 X 10-3
Tungsten
5.6 X 10-8
4.5 X 10-3
Iron
10 X 10-8
5.0 X 10-3
Platinum
11 X 10-8
3.92 X 10-3
Lead
22 X 10-8
3.9 X 10-3
1.00 X 10-6
3.5 X 10-5
Nichrome
0.4 X 10-3
Carbon
-0.5 × 10-3
Germanium
0.46
-48 X 10-3
Silicond
2.3 × 103
1010 to 1014
-75 X 10-3
Glass
Hard rubber
1013
Sulfur
1015
Quartz (fused)
75 X 1016
* All values at 20°C. All elements in this table are assumed to be free of impurities.
b See Section 26.4.
CA nickel-chromium alloy commonly used in heating elements. The resistivity of Nichrome
varies with composition and ranges between 1.00 x 10-6 and 1.50 × 10-6N · m.
d The resistivity of silicon is very sensitive to purity. The value can be changed by several
orders of magnitude when it is doped with other atoms.

L (m)
AV (V)
I (A)
R (N)
p (N · m)
0.540
5.22
0.72
1.028
5.82
0.414
1.543
5.94
0.281

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