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Table 12.2. The First Law AU = Q+W and Thermodynamics Processes Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT; U =nRT = nC,T Process Description AU Isobaric пС,AТ ПСрАT -PAV Constant Pressure No Heat Transfer PV' = PV P/Cy = constant Adiabatic nC,AT AU

Table 12.2. The First Law AU = Q+W and Thermodynamics Processes Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT; U =nRT = nC,T Process Description AU Isobaric пС,AТ ПСрАT -PAV Constant Pressure No Heat Transfer PV' = PV P/Cy = constant Adiabatic nC,AT AU

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Thermodynamic Processes. The compression stroke of a car’s engine may be viewed as an adiabatic process (PVy = constant = A). The mixture of air and gasoline can be treated as diatomic molecules with y=7/5. Assume that the uncompressed volume of a cylinder is 1 Liter (Vi = 1.0x10-3m3). Further assume that the gas mixture is at a pressure of 1 atmosphere (Pi = 1.013x105 Pa) and room temperature (Ti = 300K). The compression ratio is 9:1; that is, the volume after compression is 1/9th of the original volume (Vf = Vi/9).

1.) Using the perfect gas law (PV = nRT) and the initial conditions, determine the value of nR for the gas present in the uncompressed cylinder.

2.) If R=8.31 J/(K-mol), how many moles (n) are present in the cylinder?

3.) Assuming an adiabatic process (PVy = constant), calculate the value of the constant (y = 7/5).

4.) Assuming that the compression is done sufficiently fast that the constants (y and nR) do not change, calculate the pressure inside the cylinder after compression.

5.) Using the perfect gas law and the value found for nR in part a, calculate the temperature inside the cylinder after compression.

6.) How much work (assume CV = 5R/2) was accomplished during compression stroke (see entry for adiabatic processes in the table)?

Table 12.2. The First Law AU = Q+W and Thermodynamics Processes Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT; U =nRT = nC,T Process Description AU Isobaric пС,AТ ПСрАT -PAV Constant Pressure No Heat Transfer PV' = PV P/Cy = constant Adiabatic nC,AT AU
Transcribed Image Text:Table 12.2. The First Law AU = Q+W and Thermodynamics Processes Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT; U =nRT = nC,T Process Description AU Isobaric пС,AТ ПСрАT -PAV Constant Pressure No Heat Transfer PV' = PV P/Cy = constant Adiabatic nC,AT AU
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