Table 1. Reaction of different sugars with Molisch and Bial's reagent

Which of the following experimental approaches is likely must complete picture of a particular cell's metabolism? a. NMR spectroscopey b. Metabolic inhibitors c. Mass spectroscopy d. Isotopic tracers

In 1976, a team of chemists in the United Kingdom was developing new insecticides by modifying sugars with chlorine Cl2, phosgene Cl2CO, and other toxic gases. One young Member of the team misunderstood his verbal instructions to test a newly made candidate substance. He thought he had been told to taste it. Luckily for him, the substance was not toxic, but it was very sweet. It became the food additive sucralose. Sucralose has three chlorine atoms substituted for three hydroxyl groups of sucrose table sugar. It binds so strongly to the sweet-taste receptors on the tongue that the human brain perceives it as 600 times sweeter than sucrose. Sucralose was originally marketed as an artificial sweetener called Splenda, but it is now available under several other brand names. Researchers investigated whether the body recognizes sucralose as a carbohydrate. They began by feeding sucralose labeled with 14C to volunteers. Analysis of the radioactive molecules in the volunteers urine and feces showed that 92.8 percent of the sucralose passed through the body without being altered. Many people are worried that the chlorine atoms impart toxicity to sucralose. How would you respond to that concern?

Yeast is a facultative anaerobe. This means that alcohol fermentation takes place only if: the temperature is close to 37°C the atmosphere does not contain oxygen sugar is provided to the cells light is provided to the cells