Answered: Table 1. Prevalence of HIV-1 in Needles…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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1. In a test of a random sample of 160 needles that were employed by injection-drug users before the exchange program was started,108 were found to be HIV-positive.

a.) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the true percentage of all such

pre-exchange needles of injection-drug users found to be HIV-positive.

You can use STATCRUNCH, but you must show the proper formula and plug the correct values into this formula to receive full credit.

FORMULA WITH VALUES: _________________________________

FINAL CONFIDENCE INTERVAL: _________________________________

b.) Finish the following sentence. We are 95% confident that ...

c) Visit the following site: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199212243272613 OR look at the below table attached. Notice Table 1. Find the row Nov. –Dec. 1991. Fill in the values

N =

x =

p =

95% CI =

d) Interpret this confidence interval.

e)Was the study mentioned an experimental or observational study?

Explain.

f) Can one conclude that the exchange program causes a lower rate of HIV?

Why or why not?

What does this give evidence to?

Table 1. Prevalence of HIV-1 in Needles Tested before and
during the Syringe-Exchange Program.
No.
No. HIV-
PERCENT HIV-POSITIVE
(95% CI)
CATEGORY OF NEEDLE
TESTED
POSITIVE
Used before needle exchange,
Nov.-Dec. 1990
160
108
68 (60-75)
Exchanged illegally
180
113
63 (56-70)
Exchanged through the
program
Nov.-Dec. 1990
Jan. 1991
274
160
175
91
Feb.-April 1991
May-July 1991
Aug.-Oct. 1991
64 (58-70)
57 (49-64)
41 (36-46)
41 (35-46)
42 (37-47)
49 (43-54)
347
141
343
139
166
398
338
Nov.-Dec. 1991
164

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