Table 1: Levelised costs of electricity generation, £/MWh Cost category Gas Offshore Wind Onshore Wind Solar Nuclear 2016 2023 2016 2023 2016 2023 2016 2023 2016 2023 Pre Development Construction Fixed O&M Variable O&M Fuel Costs 40 Carbon Costs 29 Decommissioning, Waste 172230° 0723020 <1 5 2 4 69 23 42 23 17 10 3 1 43 0 60 0 0 6980 OOO 3286000 205000 001 3 7 22 49 28 66 10 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 615502 TOTAL 82 114 100 44 61 38 63 41 95 95 Sources: BEIS (2016) Electricity Generation Costs 2016; DESNZ (2023) Electricity Generation Costs 2023. Notes: Gas Combined Cycle Gas Turbine H class; Solar-Large Scale Solar; Nuclear-Pressurised Water Reactor; O&M=operating and maintenance costs; Nuclear costs were omitted from the 2023 report

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Chapter17: Long-term Investment Analysis
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Levelised costs of key technologies have changed between the 2016 and 2023data. Discuss what has changed, why it has changed, and what are the implicationsfor public choices around electricity generation?(Tip: focus most of your attention on the largest changes, including carbon costs). can you please provide an answer with explanations that dont include text from AI sites , to explain this thouroughly.

Table 1: Levelised costs of electricity generation, £/MWh
Cost category
Gas
Offshore Wind Onshore Wind
Solar
Nuclear
2016
2023
2016 2023
2016 2023 2016 2023 2016 2023
Pre Development
Construction
Fixed O&M
Variable O&M
Fuel Costs
40
Carbon Costs
29
Decommissioning, Waste
172230°
0723020
<1
5
2
4
69
23
42
23
17
10
3
1
43
0
60
0
0
6980 OOO
3286000
205000
001
3
7
22
49
28
66
10
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
615502
TOTAL
82
114
100
44
61
38
63
41
95
95
Sources: BEIS (2016) Electricity Generation Costs 2016; DESNZ (2023) Electricity Generation Costs 2023.
Notes: Gas Combined Cycle Gas Turbine H class; Solar-Large Scale Solar; Nuclear-Pressurised Water Reactor;
O&M=operating and maintenance costs; Nuclear costs were omitted from the 2023 report
Transcribed Image Text:Table 1: Levelised costs of electricity generation, £/MWh Cost category Gas Offshore Wind Onshore Wind Solar Nuclear 2016 2023 2016 2023 2016 2023 2016 2023 2016 2023 Pre Development Construction Fixed O&M Variable O&M Fuel Costs 40 Carbon Costs 29 Decommissioning, Waste 172230° 0723020 <1 5 2 4 69 23 42 23 17 10 3 1 43 0 60 0 0 6980 OOO 3286000 205000 001 3 7 22 49 28 66 10 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 615502 TOTAL 82 114 100 44 61 38 63 41 95 95 Sources: BEIS (2016) Electricity Generation Costs 2016; DESNZ (2023) Electricity Generation Costs 2023. Notes: Gas Combined Cycle Gas Turbine H class; Solar-Large Scale Solar; Nuclear-Pressurised Water Reactor; O&M=operating and maintenance costs; Nuclear costs were omitted from the 2023 report
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