Surcharge per unit area Surcharge per unit area Ao'p, + Aon Time -Time te (a) (b) Figure 16.22 Nature of application of surcharge dp- Smeared zone Clay He Sand drain Fre- Figure 16.21 Schematic diagram of a sand drain

Surcharge per unit area Surcharge per unit area Ao'p, + Aon Time -Time te (a) (b) Figure 16.22 Nature of application of surcharge dp- Smeared zone Clay He Sand drain Fre- Figure 16.21 Schematic diagram of a sand drain

Engineering Fundamentals: An Introduction to Engineering (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305084766

Author:Saeed Moaveni

Publisher:Saeed Moaveni

Chapter20: Engineering Economics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 34P

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Concept explainers

Consolidation parameters

Consolidation is the process of expulsion of pore water present in the voids of soil solids under the pressure of the applied load. This is a quick process in the case of coarse-grained soils since the permeability is high due to the presence of more voids, while it is a slow and gradual process in the case of clayey soil as the permeability of clay is less. An example of consolidation is the settlement of soil under a building due to the load coming from the building.

Question

The diagram of a sand drain is shown in Figures 16.21 and 16.22. Given: r_w = 0.25 m, r_s = 0.35 m, d_e = 4.5 m, C_v = C_vr = 0.3 m²/month, k_h/k_s = 2, and H_c = 9 m.
Determine:
a. The degree of consolidation for the clay layer caused only by the sand drains after six months of surcharge application
b. The degree of consolidation for the clay layer that is caused by the combination of vertical drainage (drained on top and bottom) and radial drainage after six months of the application of surcharge. Assume that the surcharge is applied instantaneously.

Surcharge
per unit area
Surcharge
per unit area
Ao'p, + Aon
Time
-Time
te
(a)
(b)
Figure 16.22 Nature of application of surcharge

dp-
Smeared
zone
Clay
He
Sand
drain
Fre-
Figure 16.21 Schematic diagram of a sand drain

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