Suppose your favorite TV scientist has equal masses of frozen water (ice) and liquid water. If she decides to cause both substances to go through a phase change to a phase with more energy (ice to water, water to steam), which substance will require more energy to change phases? The latent heat of fusion for water is Lf,water-3.33. 105, and the latent heat of vaporization for water is Ly,water=2.26. 106 O Changing liquid water to steam requires more energy. O Changing ice to liquid water requires more energy. O They require the same amount of energy.
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- How long does it take a 750-WW coffeepot to bring to a boil 0.85 LL of water initially at 18 ∘C∘C? Assume that the part of the pot which is heated with the water is made of 360 gg of aluminum, and that no water boils away. Ignore the heat loss to the surrounding environment. The value of specific heat for water is 4186 J/kg⋅C∘J/kg⋅C∘ and for aluminum is 900 J/kg⋅C∘J/kg⋅C∘. Express your answer using two significant figures. In secondsThe next four questions use this description. Our Sun has a peak emission wavelength of about 500 nm and a radius of about 700,000 km. Your dark-adapted eye has a pupil diameter of about 7 mm and can detect light intensity down to about 1.5 x 10-11 W/m2. Assume the emissivity of the Sun is equal to 1. First, given these numbers, what is the surface temperature of the Sun in Kelvin to 3 significant digits? What is the power output of the Sun in moles of watts? (in other words, take the number of watts and divide it by Avogadro's number) Assuming that all of the Sun's power is given off as 500 nm photons*, how many photons are given off by the Sun every second? Report your answer to the nearest power of 10 (e.g. if you got 7 x 1024, give your answer as 25).The specific heat of a certain steel is0.46 J·g−1·K−1 and the specific heat of a “dry” wood is 1.8 J·g−1·K−1. Suppose we add a given amount of energy as heat to 10.0-gram samples of the steel and wood. (a) Which sample will undergo the largest temperature increase? (b) Calculate the ratio of the temperature increase for the two samples. answer: (a) steel, (b) 3.9 = steel/wood
- Assume Lake Michigan contains 4.90 x 1012 m³ of water, and assume the water's density is that of water at 20°C and 1 atm. (a) How much energy (in J) is required to raise the temperature of that volume of water from 12.2°C to 24.4°C? 4.1E19 From the density of water and the volume, what is the mass of the water? What is specific heat? How is it related to the energy input, mass, and temperature change? Use it to solve for the energy. Be careful with units. J (b) How many years would it take to supply this amount of energy by using a power of 1,400 MW generated by an electric power plant? 926 How is power related to energy and time? Knowing the energy from part (a), can you find the time? Be careful with units. Make sure you convert the time in seconds to years. yrHow much heat energy needs to be given up to freeze 2.12 kg of milk if initially the milk was at the room temperature 20 oC? Assume that the latent heat of fusion of milk is 275700 J/kg, and the specific heat of milk is 3890 J/kgoC.Suppose you have 2.5kg of steam at 100 degrees celcius occupying 6.5 meters cubed at a pressure of 1.013 x 10^5 Pa. When the steam condenses to water at 100 degrees celcius it occupies a volume of 0.55 meters cubed. If the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2.26 x 10^6 J/kg, what was the change in the water's internal energy?
- 19. The following fission reaction (shown below) occurs in a nuclear power plant. There are 1.50 x 1016 uranium-235 atoms that are simultaneously undergoing this reaction. The uranium is surrounded by 17.5 kg of heavy water, which has a specific heat capacity of 4.70 x 10³ J/kg °C. If 90% of the energy released in the nuclear reactions is absorbed as thermal energy by the heavy water, determine the increase in temperature of he heavy water. ✔✔✔✔ 235U+n→ Zr + 139 Te + 3(n) 92 40 52 mzr-94 = 93.906 u MTe-139 = 138.935 u Mu-235 = 235.044 uDi O 11:PA (1) Suppose a person is covered head to foot by wool clothing with average thickness of 2 cm and is transferring energy of 6000 joules by conduction through the clothing for 2 minutes. What is the temperature difference across the clothing, given the surface area is 1.4m?? (Given: Thermal conductivity of wool is 0.04 W/mK) The difference in temperature = (2) A 9.15 kg sample of water at 11°C is in a calorimeter. You drop a piece of iron with a mass of 0.41 kg at 260°C into it. After the sizzling subsides, what is the final equilibrium temperature? (Given: Sp. Heat of water 1cal/g°C & Sp. Heat of iron is 0.106 cal/g°C) Equilibrium temperature in celcius =An ice block of mass 1.2000000000000002 kg at an initial temperature of –11 ∘C is put into a copper pot of mass 2.5 kg containing 4.3 L of water at 21 ∘C. If you heat up the pot, what is the amount of energy (in J) you need to convert all the ice and the water into steam? (Assume that no energy is lost from the system.) You may need some or all of the following constants: The specific heat of ice is 2200 J/kg ∘C, the specific heat of copper is 386 J/kg ∘C and the specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg ∘C. The latent heat of fusion of ice is 334000 J/kg and the heat of vaporization for water is 2256000 J/kg .