Answered: Suppose we are sure, because of…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Question

Suppose we are sure, because of previous studies, that species 1, 2, and 3 are more closely related to each other than to species 4 (outgroup). We sequence a gene and find ten nucleotide sites that differ among the four species. Draw the most parsimonious tree and label each evolutionary change on the tree (Position – new nucleotide; Example = 8T or 6C).

*The answer is below but I do not understand where the numbers or tick marks came from? Could someone explain. For example, why is the 1A on the 2?

Nucleotide 1
Species 1
Species 2
Species 3
Species 4 G
G
Table for only synapomorphy differences (not necessary for points)
1
2
3
3
21
CA
SC
G
ten
2
5
2
eig
с
T
T
с
7A
3
T
3
1
4
с
T
4
с
G
A
G
A
4
4
5
A
A
с
A
1
5
6
T
99 27
T
A
T
2
7
A
G
A
G
8
C
с
A
ACA
с
A
J
9
GGG
с
10
T
T
T
A

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