Suppose the GDP of a country with a closed economy is $22 trillion, (net) taxes are $4.2 trillion, public saving is $0.8 trillion, and private saving is $1.3 trillion.  What are the values of consumption, investment, national saving, and government spending?  1b Is the government of this country running a budget surplus or a deficit?

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Public Saving

Public saving deals with the amount which has been in excess after meeting all the obligatory expenses and investment of the government. Taxes are collected by the government to meet its day-to-day expenditures. The obligatory expenses include all those expenses which are mandatory for the government. It cannot be avoided as it is inevitable.