Suppose that the money supply and the nominal GDP are 100 billion and 500 billion respectively. If the central bank reducess the money supply by 10 billion, by how much will nominal GDP have to fall to restore equilibrium, according to the monetarist perspective.
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Suppose that the money supply and the nominal GDP are 100 billion and 500 billion respectively. If the central bank reducess the money supply by 10 billion, by how much will nominal GDP have to fall to restore equilibrium, according to the monetarist perspective.
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- True or False? In an assigned reading, Milton Friedman indicated that he agreed with John Maynard Keynes's explanation of the causes of the Great Depression. True False As discussed in class, which of the following was argued by monetarists of the 1970s? in a free market economy, central banks can never effectively manipulate money supply, because lending activity is subject to rapid changes an expansion of the money supply that is less than the growth of output during the same period will generally result in deflation O effects of changes in money supply are seen in output before they are seen in prices central banks should focus on minimizing the legal interest rates paid to depositors, as ensuring the safety of banks was the most important goalIn one version of the monetarist model, we said that the velocity of money, V, is treated as constant (as an approximation of reality). Also, recall that we said monetarists assume that the short-run Aggregate Supply curve is upward sloping (i.e., real GDP, Q, is not fixed in the short run), but the Long-run Aggregate Supply curve is vertical (as in our self-regulating model). Consider the equation of exchange, MV≡PQ An increase in government spending would Group of answer choices A) cause a recession. B) increase real GDP in the long run, but not the short run. C) cause inflation in the short run. D) not increase real GDP in the short or long run because there would be complete crowding out. E) increase real GDP in the short run, but not the long run.In one version of the monetarist model, we said that the velocity of money, V, is treated as constant (as an approximation of reality). Also, recall that we said monetarists assume that the short-run Aggregate Supply curve is upward sloping (i.e., real GDP, Q, is not fixed in the short run), but the Long-run Aggregate Supply curve is vertical (as in our self-regulating model). Consider the equation of exchange, MV≡PQ (with V treated as fixed). Under the assumptions in this question, Group of answer choices A) none of the other options. B) if the money supply (M) were to increase by x%, the aggregate price level (P) would increase by x%. C) if the money supply (M) were to increase by x%, real GDP would increase by x%. D) if the money supply (M) were to increase by x%, the aggregate price level (P) would increase by more than x%. E) if the money supply (M) were to increase by x%, nominal GDP would increase by x%.
- Milton Friedman, the leader for Monetarism had proposed several important arguments regarding the implementation of Monetary Policy. The arguments were listed as: Proposition 1: Monetary Policy has powerful short-run effects on the real economy. In the long run, however, changes in the money supply have their primary effect on the price level. Proposition 2: Despite the powerful short-run effect of money on the economy, there is little scope for using Monetary Policy actively to try to smooth business cycle. Proposition 3: Even if there is some scope for using Monetary Policy to smooth business cycles, the Central Bank (the Federal Reserve) cannot be relied on to do so effectively. Proposition 4: The Central Bank (the Federal Reserve) should choose a specific monetary aggregate (such as M1 or M2) and commit itself to making that aggregate grow at a fixed percentage rate, year in and year out. Keynesians economists’ response to the above propositions with this statement: “Monetary…“Monetary policy is the macroeconomic policy laid down by the central bank of an economy.”In terms of the above statement, explain how monetary policy can be used to combat inflationTrue or False? Because the central bank uses the nominal interest rate as its policy instrument, the nominal interest rate is the transmission mechanism of monetary policy.
- Most central banks, like the Bank of England, set targets for their economy's inflation rate. The Bank of England has an inflation target of 3.5% per year. According to the Quantity Theory of Money, by how much must the Bank of England grow the money stock in order to hit its inflation target? The Bank of England must decrease the money stock by 3.5% per year. The Bank of England must increase the money stock by 3.5% per year. The Bank of England must decrease the money stock by 3.5% per month. The Bank of England must increase the money stock by 3.5% per month.Economist will focus on achieving macroeconomic goals. There are four major economic goals namely as full employment, price stability, economic growth and equitable distribution of income. However, it is impossible for a government to achieve all four macroeconomic goals simultaneously. Briefly discuss how a government will not be able to implement two particular goals at the same time. According to Keynes, people have demand for money due to three different motives foe holding money rather than other forms. Hence, identify the THREE (3) motives according to Keynesian approach.Using the appropriate diagram, show and explain the effect of the increase in income taxes on the equilibrium in the money market.