Question 3Suppose it costs K dollars per year to pay for childcare. Suppose the government introduces a subsidy thatreduces the cost to K’.a) Graph the budget constraint without the policy (without the cost subsidy), illustrating on the graphthe role of K (the daycare cost), the weekly market wage rate w, weekly hours and assume theindividual already possesses a yearly non labour income YN and it is positive. On the same graph,illustrate the change in the budget constraint once the subsidy is introduced.b) Show graphically if and how the subsidy will affect the labour supply. Make sure you provide acomplete answer including considerations of labour supply at the extensive and intensive margins(corner and interior solutions) before and after the daycare subsidy.

The Budget Constraint is defined as the combination of goods that can be purchased by an individual…

Answered: Suppose it costs K dollars per year to…

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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(a) Carlos has 168 hours per week to divide between labour and leisure. For his job, Carlos is allowed to work up to 60 hours a week earning a wage of $25, but faces a payroll tax of 20%. Given these constraints, Carlos chooses to work 40 hours per week. Graph the budget constraint and indicate the optimal choice, make sure to label all important points. (b) The government proposes a universal basic income whereby everyone is given $200 a week, which is financed by increasing the payroll tax to 40%. Add this new budget constraint to your diagram from (a). Be sure to show all your work/calculations, and label all important points. Is this likely to increase or decrease labour supply for Carlos? Carefully explain. (It is important that you carefully draw your diagram for this question, and compare it to the one in (a)).
Using the utility function and wage constraint in the problem, please complete the utility maximization problem using the substituion and Lagrangian method. If you can not do both, I would prefer the substitution method.
3. Consider the following utility function: X2 if: 1 2 u(x1, x2) X1 if: 1< x2 < 2 X2 + x1 otherwise Answer the following questions. (a) What is the Walrasian demand for this utility function?
21. Let U=x 2 +y 2 is the utility function of a worker who has 10 hours that to be allocatedbetween labour supply (L) and leisure (x). Let y is a consumption good whose price is 1.Wage rate (w) is Rs 1 and non-wage income is 20. Find out L.a) 10 b) 0 c) 5 d) 8 e) none 22. On the basis of the above question, hen w=0 and non-wage income is 40, find out L.a) 10 b) 0 c) 5 d) 8 e) none
Each day, Luke must decide his leisure hours, L, and his consumption, C. His utility function is given by the following equation U(L, C) = (C – 30)(L – 12). Luke receives $50 welfare payment per day. Show all the steps, with definition of every new notation used in the steps. a) Suppose that Luke's hourly wage is $5. Find Luke's daily budget constraint equation and graph it. b) If Luke's wage is $5 per hour worked, what is Luke's optimal consumption, (L*, C*)? · c) Assume that the wage is an unknown variable, w. What is Luke's leisure demand L(w)?- d) What is Luke's reservation wage, the lowest wage Luke is willing to work for? -
Consider an economy with 100 identical households and 100identical firms. Each household is endowed with one unit of time. Half of the households are endowed with equal shares of firm, while the rest areendowed with no firm shares. A householdís utility is u (x; r) = 2 ln(x*r^2) ,where x is consumption of goods, r = 1- l is leisure time and l is thehouseholdís labour supply. Each firm hires households to produce goodsaccording to technology y = L^1/2, where L denotes the labour input. Goodsprice p, wage rate w, and dividend income are all taken as given. Normalizew = 1. Do the following: (a) Derive the Marshallian demands, x (p, D) andr (p,D), where D is dividend. (b) Derive the firmís input demand functionL (p) and profit function pi(p). (c) List all the market-clearing conditions.(d) Calculate the equilibrium price p
An individual can earn $12 per hour if he or she works. Assume that a person can work at most 24 hours per day times 30 days per month for a total of 720 hours. Thus, the axis intercepts, in the absence of any program, are 720 x $12 = $8,640 in consumption and 720 hours of leisure. Scenario: Suppose that a new welfare program is introduced where the government guarantees $600 per month in income and reduces the benefit by $1 for each $1 of labor income. Below are the budget constraints that show the monthly income-leisure trade-off. Monthly income $8,640 $600 720 Leisure (hours) With 40% reduction rate, when he/she works 30 hours, where will he/she maximize his/her utility? O A. Point B O B. Point C O C. Point D O D. Point F
In a general equilibrium allocation, the real wage can exceed the workers’ marginal product of labor. Explain why this is true or false.
3.
3. Consider a model where a consumer, Mehdi, is deciding how to allocate their 24 hours each day between work and leisure. The take-home wage they initially receive is w = 15, but following a rise in income tax, their take-home pay falls to w = 12. Following this change in the wage rate, Mehdi reallocates his time between work and leisure, as shown in the diagram below. Composite good 41 42 43 Time Constraint 24 Leisure (0-24)/ Work (24-0) Given this information, which of the following conclusions can we reach? (a) The substitution and income effects both cause Mehdi to take more leisure time, meaning leisure is a normal good. (b) The substitution effect and income effects both cause Mehdi to take less leisure time, meaning leisure is a normal good. (c) The substitution effect causes Mehdi to take more leisure time, while the income effect causes Mehdi to take less leisure time, meaning leisure is an inferior good. (d) The substitution effect causes Mehdi to take more leisure time,…
Because Income depends on work effort and work effort depends on nutrition, suppose the relationship between income (Y) and total food availability (F) in a poor household is given by: Y = 10F + 20F2 – 0.6F3 a) If food availability in a two-person household is 20, would it be “rational” to share the food? Explain. b) If food availability in a two-person household is 30, would it be “rational” to share the food? Explain.
Mark can work up to 80 hours each week at a pre-tax hourly wage of $20 but faces a constant 20 percent tax on his earnings. Thus, Mark maximizes his utility by choosing to work 50 hours per week. The government proposes a negative income tax whereby everyone is given $300 per week and anyone can supplement their income further by working. To pay for the negative income tax, tax on earnings will be increased to 50 percent. On a single graph, draw Mark's original budget line and his budget line under the negative income tax. Show that Mark will work fewer hours if the negative income tax is implemented Will Mark's utility be greater under the negative income tax? Discuss your answer.

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