Suppose an architectural firm specializing in the structural restoration and renovation of historic homes and early barns is deciding whether to open a branch of the company in Wilmington, Vermont. Market research commissioned by the firm indicates that the Vermont location will be profitable only if the mean age of houses and barns located within a 100-mile radius of Wilmington is greater than 65 years. The architectural firm conducts a hypothesis test to determine whether µ, the mean age of structures located within a 100-mile radius of Wilmington, is greater than 65 years. The test is conducted at a = .01 level of significance using a random sample of n = 196 houses and barns located in the specified area. The population standard deviation of the age of structures is assumed to be known with a value of o = 23.8 years. The firm will open a Vermont branch only if it rejects the null hypothesis that the mean age of structures in the specified area is less than or equal to 65 years. To summarize this hypothesis test refer to the chart given below.

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11. Effect size and Cohen's d
Aa Aa
Suppose a researcher is trying to understand whether people who purchase fast-food hamburgers would be willing to
pay more if the hamburger comes with a free whistle. Prior research suggests the mean amount customers say they
are willing to pay for a hamburger is µ = 2.72 and o = 1.28.
The researcher plans to conduct a study very similar to the prior research by selecting a sample of customers and
asking them how much they are willing to pay for the hamburger. Before asking, however, she will tell the customer
about the free whistle that will come with the hamburger.
The researcher's null hypothesis is that the mean amount the customers are willing to pay when they are told about
the free whistle is no different than the amount customers are willing to pay when they are not told they will receive
a free whistle.
The researcher's sample of 100 customers has a sample mean ofM = 2.98. The test statistic for this sample mean is
2.03. Using a significance level of a = .05, which of the following is the most appropriate statement of the result?
Hint: For a two-tailed test with a = .05 and o known, the boundaries of the critical region are always +1.96.
Telling customers they will receive a free whistle with their hamburger did not have a significant effect on the
amount they say they are willing to pay for a hamburger, z =
2.98, p > .05.
Telling customers they will receive a free whistle with their hamburger had a significant effect on the amount
they say they are willing to pay for a hamburger, z =
2.03, р < .05.
Telling customers they will receive a free whistle with their hamburger had a significant effect on the amount
they say they are willing to pay for a hamburger, z = 2.72, p < .05.
Telling customers they will receive a free whistle with their hamburger did not have a significant effect on the
amount they say they are willing to pay for a hamburger, z = 2.03, p < .05.
Compute the estimated Cohen's d to measure the size of the treatment effect.
Note: Cohen's d is always reported as a positive value and reflects the proportion of the standard deviation that is
affected by the treatment.
Transcribed Image Text:11. Effect size and Cohen's d Aa Aa Suppose a researcher is trying to understand whether people who purchase fast-food hamburgers would be willing to pay more if the hamburger comes with a free whistle. Prior research suggests the mean amount customers say they are willing to pay for a hamburger is µ = 2.72 and o = 1.28. The researcher plans to conduct a study very similar to the prior research by selecting a sample of customers and asking them how much they are willing to pay for the hamburger. Before asking, however, she will tell the customer about the free whistle that will come with the hamburger. The researcher's null hypothesis is that the mean amount the customers are willing to pay when they are told about the free whistle is no different than the amount customers are willing to pay when they are not told they will receive a free whistle. The researcher's sample of 100 customers has a sample mean ofM = 2.98. The test statistic for this sample mean is 2.03. Using a significance level of a = .05, which of the following is the most appropriate statement of the result? Hint: For a two-tailed test with a = .05 and o known, the boundaries of the critical region are always +1.96. Telling customers they will receive a free whistle with their hamburger did not have a significant effect on the amount they say they are willing to pay for a hamburger, z = 2.98, p > .05. Telling customers they will receive a free whistle with their hamburger had a significant effect on the amount they say they are willing to pay for a hamburger, z = 2.03, р < .05. Telling customers they will receive a free whistle with their hamburger had a significant effect on the amount they say they are willing to pay for a hamburger, z = 2.72, p < .05. Telling customers they will receive a free whistle with their hamburger did not have a significant effect on the amount they say they are willing to pay for a hamburger, z = 2.03, p < .05. Compute the estimated Cohen's d to measure the size of the treatment effect. Note: Cohen's d is always reported as a positive value and reflects the proportion of the standard deviation that is affected by the treatment.
12. Computing power
Aa Aa
Suppose an architectural firm specializing in the structural restoration and renovation of historic homes and early
barns is deciding whether to open a branch of the company in Wilmington, Vermont. Market research commissioned
by the firm indicates that the Vermont location will be profitable only if the mean age of houses and barns located
within a 100-mile radius of Wilmington is greater than 65 years.
The architectural firm conducts a hypothesis test to determine whether u, the mean age of structures located within a
100-mile radius of Wilmington, is greater than 65 years. The test is conducted at a = .01 level of significance using a
random sample of n = 196 houses and barns located in the specified area. The population standard deviation of the
age of structures is assumed to be known with a value of o = 23.8 years. The firm will open a Vermont branch only if
it rejects the null hypothesis that the mean age of structures in the specified area is less than or equal to 65 years.
To summarize this hypothesis test refer to the chart given below.
Reject the Null =
Open the Branch
Fail to Reject
= Do Not Open the Branch
If, on the basis of the hypothesis test, the architectural firm decides to open a branch, but the true mean age of
houses and barns located within a 100-mile radius of Wilmington is less than 65 years, the firm has committed a
error, because this branch will be unprofitable.
If, on the basis of the hypothesis test, the architectural firm decides not to open a branch, but the true mean age of
houses and barns located within a 100-mile radius of Wilmington is greater than 65 years, the firm has committed a
error,
because this branch would have been profitable.
Transcribed Image Text:12. Computing power Aa Aa Suppose an architectural firm specializing in the structural restoration and renovation of historic homes and early barns is deciding whether to open a branch of the company in Wilmington, Vermont. Market research commissioned by the firm indicates that the Vermont location will be profitable only if the mean age of houses and barns located within a 100-mile radius of Wilmington is greater than 65 years. The architectural firm conducts a hypothesis test to determine whether u, the mean age of structures located within a 100-mile radius of Wilmington, is greater than 65 years. The test is conducted at a = .01 level of significance using a random sample of n = 196 houses and barns located in the specified area. The population standard deviation of the age of structures is assumed to be known with a value of o = 23.8 years. The firm will open a Vermont branch only if it rejects the null hypothesis that the mean age of structures in the specified area is less than or equal to 65 years. To summarize this hypothesis test refer to the chart given below. Reject the Null = Open the Branch Fail to Reject = Do Not Open the Branch If, on the basis of the hypothesis test, the architectural firm decides to open a branch, but the true mean age of houses and barns located within a 100-mile radius of Wilmington is less than 65 years, the firm has committed a error, because this branch will be unprofitable. If, on the basis of the hypothesis test, the architectural firm decides not to open a branch, but the true mean age of houses and barns located within a 100-mile radius of Wilmington is greater than 65 years, the firm has committed a error, because this branch would have been profitable.
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