Suppose a population has two alleles at a particular locus, and individuals with different diploid genotypes at this locus have different probabilities of survival and expected offspring, as given in the table below: Genotype Percent surviving to adulthood Expected offspring GG 90% 11 Gg 80% 15 gg 50% 28 Calculate the absolute fitness, W, for each genotype, and then the relative fitness, w, using the smallest absolute fitness value as your reference. Assume that the selection differential s is equal to the difference in relative fitnesses of the heterozygote, Gg, genotype and the least-fit genotype. If there are 311 individuals who are homozygous for the G allele in a population of 4,659, and we ignore the effect of genetic drift, how much should the frequency of the G allele change over one generation of natural selection? (Note that this asking for an overall size of change – you should report a value greater than 0. Compute your answer up to four decimal places.)

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Genetic Variation

Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.

Quantitative Genetics

Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.