Suppose 100 tests are conducted to determine whether taking vitamin E increases one's chance of having a heart attack. Suppose also that vitamin E has absolutely no effect on one's likelihood of having a heart attack. The tests will use a 5% significance level. How many of the tests are likely to show significance, just by random chance? If only the significant tests are reported, what information is the public likely to hear?
Contingency Table
A contingency table can be defined as the visual representation of the relationship between two or more categorical variables that can be evaluated and registered. It is a categorical version of the scatterplot, which is used to investigate the linear relationship between two variables. A contingency table is indeed a type of frequency distribution table that displays two variables at the same time.
Binomial Distribution
Binomial is an algebraic expression of the sum or the difference of two terms. Before knowing about binomial distribution, we must know about the binomial theorem.
Example 3: Vitamin E and Heart Attacks?
Suppose 100 tests are conducted to determine whether taking vitamin E increases one's chance of having a heart attack. Suppose also that vitamin E has absolutely no effect on one's likelihood of having a heart attack. The tests will use a 5% significance level.
- How many of the tests are likely to show significance, just by random chance?
- If only the significant tests are reported, what information is the public likely to hear?
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